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“三个一”诠释生态经(守望相助七十载 壮美亮丽内蒙古)

2017-08-05 04:34:46   中国青年网

树不砍了,日子怎么过?地处大兴安岭林区腹地的阿尔山市深入挖掘林俗文化,做好林业旅游文章,林业工人“放下斧头当导游,奔向小康不用愁”。

“好生态是旅游的生命线。我们变砍树为看树,就是为了请游客来‘品树’。尽管目前旅游发展步子走得不算快,但方向找对了。”阿尔山市白狼镇党委书记于季方说。

内蒙古最大的潜力在于生态,保护格局之下,须走出发展新棋;同样,内蒙古最大的责任也在于生态,发展浪潮前,不能头脑发热失守底线。

对于后者,赤峰市喀喇沁旗西桥镇体会更深。几年前,镇里8家金矿,遍地烟花生产,腰包鼓了,经济繁荣了,然而秀美风光和清新空气不再。西桥镇在一片质疑声中幡然醒来:从2015年开始,坚决对金矿开发和烟花生产按下停止键,全力发展设施农业和休闲旅游业。

保护生态环境就是保护生产力,改善生态环境就是发展生产力——而今,调了个头的西桥镇,名声在外。一个个过去养在深闺人未识的美丽乡村,正成为游客造访的热门目的地。

“这几年,内蒙古各地干部群众不再刻意追求速度优先,绿色发展正成为共识,保护和发展的生态辩证法,正一点点刻入人们灵魂深处。”内蒙古民族大学副校长任军深有感触地说。

一个机构的生态管护机制创新

“多龙治水”到“握指成拳”

走进一个机构,来到锡林郭勒盟生态保护委员会。这是内蒙古12个盟市中唯一的一个生态委。

为守护好20.3万平方公里、世界四大草原之一的锡林郭勒大草原,2015年3月,锡盟成立了生态委,划转整合了农牧业、环保部门的草原行政执法、草原监督管理、环境保护等职能。

“生态工作涉及多个部门,牵扯各种利益,谁都要管;多龙治水,又往往谁都管不好。”锡盟生态委主任青格勒说,生态管理权如今收归一家,握指成拳,综合协调能力增强了,腰杆更硬了。

这个部门很“牛”。“项目要落地,先报生态委审批。9个部门27个专家审核,拿出预审意见。”生态委副主任乌日根巴雅尔说,部门成立不久,当地两个亿元以上的矿山项目,就因在红线区域内规划,被生态委一纸红头文件叫停了。

这个部门管得“宽”。在内蒙古率先提出将占盟域面积75%的重点区域划入生态保护红线,同时将红线作为征占用草原预审的主要依据。青格勒说,锡盟对红线区域内的工矿企业实行逐步退出,5年内计划关停矿山数量100个以上。

这个部门管得“细”。锡盟生态委规定统一打草时间,推行轮刈制度。“一般规定8月20日之前禁止打草。如果过早打草,‘搂光剔净’,就不利于牧草来年长势。”乌日根巴雅尔说。

这个部门有“手段”。建立了“锡林郭勒盟大数据生态保护平台”,逐步实现由被动的“人眼”监管,向“天眼”全天候监管转变。同时,在全区率先推出领导干部生态责任考核,按10分权重列入综合考评。

刚性制度,还须铁腕执行。仅2016年,结合中央环保督察组发现的问题,内蒙古全区追责各级领导干部130人。“我们要以铁的决心、铁腕治理,把各项生态环境保护和治理措施落到实处。”内蒙古自治区党委有关负责人坚定地表示。

大胆地先行先试,积极探索建立可持续的生态环境保护制度。眼下,在锡盟试点基础之上的草原自然资产负债表编制工作、领导干部自然资源资产离任审计,以及生态环境损害过错责任终身追究等各项生态制度,内蒙古正在全区稳步推行,定要将北疆这道亮丽风景线,打造得更亮丽……

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