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农业板块业绩平稳 内部结构分化明显

2017-09-11 06:41:37   中国经济网

农业是国民经济的基础,也是国民经济中最基本的物质生产部门。上半年,我国第一产业增加值为21987亿元,同比增长3.5%,从已披露的上市公司半年报来看,农林牧渔板块整体业绩表现平稳,但各个子板块之间有明显分化。

目前,农林牧渔板块下属90家上市公司半年报已披露完毕,整个行业板块合计营业收入2263.92亿元,同比增长23.96%,净利润为118.72亿元,同比下降29.28%,主要是林业、畜禽养殖等子板块业绩下滑明显,农产品加工、渔业等子板块则保持较快增长。

从农产品加工板块来看,上半年其景气度维持较高水平,该板块下属19家公司当期营业收入267.67亿元,同比增长38.31%,净利润为15.32亿元,同比大增138.02%。其中,中粮生化、冠农股份、中粮糖业、朗源股份等4家公司净利润同比翻倍。

以中粮生化为例,该公司表示,报告期内,在柠檬酸、DDGS(干酒糟高蛋白)等产品价格上涨的同时,公司加大了主要产品的市场开发,使产品销量和毛利增长;不断优化融资结构,使财务费用降低;收到木薯燃料乙醇补贴等补助资金。受上述因素综合影响,公司今年上半年利润较同期大幅提升。

财富证券分析师赵欢表示,发展农产品加工业是推进农业供给侧结构性改革的重要抓手,也是相关龙头企业打造品牌形象、提升公司业绩的重要支撑。上半年,全国规模以上农产品加工业增加值增速为7.3%(扣除价格因素),较去年同期提高1.7个百分点,显示出农产品加工业转型升级步伐加快,运行质量效益不断提高,向好发展态势稳固。

相比之下,上半年畜禽养殖板块表现欠佳。数据显示,畜禽养殖板块下属15家上市公司上半年营业收入为505.54亿元,同比增长12.46%,但净利润为34.57亿元,同比下降64.56%。具体来看,罗牛山、绿庭投资等6家公司业绩同比实现增长,民和股份、圣农发展、华英农业等9家公司净利润同比大幅下滑。此外,林业板块业绩不佳,4家上市公司中仅有ST景谷上半年净利润同比实现增长。

海通证券分析师丁频表示,“上半年我国养鸡行业深幅亏损、活禽禁售范围的扩大以及环保整治力度加强等,对养殖行业企业冲击较大,全行业产能缩减20%至30%,不少上市公司净利润同比大幅下滑。下半年,随着下游消费持续改善,畜禽产品价格有望稳中趋升”。

以益生股份为例,该公司表示,上半年,主要产品父母代肉种雏鸡价格和商品代雏鸡价格下降,导致公司业绩亏损。此外,农业部发布的数据还显示,上半年我国生猪价格持续下跌,集贸市场猪肉和生猪价格同比分别跌9.7%和16.2%,春节过后连续4个月下跌。

对于下半年农业板块的发展趋势,太平洋证券分析师程晓东表示,从全球玉米主要产销区发布的数据来看,玉米库存消费比在历史较低水平基础上下降,国际玉米价格有望反弹。在市场化改革背景下,国内玉米价格和国际价格之间的联动性增强,国际玉米价格反弹有望带动国内玉米价格自底部回升,将利好玉米制种行业。此外,在父母代种鸡产能下降、环保压制产能复苏、消费回暖等因素作用下,毛鸡价格将继续上涨,养殖板块行情在前期回调后将再次向上拓展空间。

赵欢认为,下半年国企改革引入非国有性质的外部投资者,将有效改善农业国企的公司治理结构,增强企业的发展能力。“中国联通混改方案亮相提升了市场对于国企改革主题性投资机会的关注力度,农业板块涉及混合所有制改革的主要有中粮生化、中粮糖业等中粮系,以及华英农业、新五丰、正虹科技等地方国企,未来这些公司业绩弹性较大。”赵欢说。 (经济日报记者 何 川)

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