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农业部:轮作休耕试点面积1200万亩 涉及9省份192个县市

2017-09-09 06:56:46   中国经济网

更多“疲惫”的耕地有望能“歇口气”了。9月8日,农业部种植业司司长曾衍德在农业部新闻发布会上表示,今年是我国开展耕地轮作休耕制度试点的第二年,轮作休耕试点面积共1200万亩,比去年增加584万亩,共涉及黑龙江、河北、湖南等9省份的192个县市。同时,中央财政专门安排25.6亿元资金,支持开展试点,6月份已将补助资金拨付到省,大部分省已将资金逐级拨付到县,目前补助资金正加快兑现到户。

我国开展耕地轮作休耕制度试点工作以来,通过开展粮豆轮作、休耕区压采、重金属污染修复治理等,促进了种植结构调整和农业环境问题治理。

目前,以耕地为主的经营性收入仍是农民收入的重要来源,开展耕地轮作休耕是否会影响农民收入?曾衍德说,要让农民愿意开展轮作休耕,必须保证其收益不减少。去年中央在审议通过的试点方案中明确提出,国家对开展耕地轮作休耕制度试点要给予必要的现金和粮食补助。今年农业部会同财政部整合部分项目资金,支持各地开展耕地轮作制度试点。

“在此前的试点就很注意保护农民利益。”曾衍德说,在轮作上,注重比较效益。从现有的单产水平和种植效益看,轮作模式中的玉米大豆轮作,可按照1∶3的效益平衡点来测算。其他的轮作模式,可根据上一年的收益情况,结合市场变化动态调整。在休耕上,注重收入保障。目前的休耕试点,补助的标准都以收入不减为前提。大体上,一熟区的休耕和两熟区的一季休耕,每亩补助500元左右;两熟区的全年休耕,每亩补助800元左右,略高于土地流转费用。

今年,农业部、财政部还考虑创新补助方式。允许地方在平均补助水平不变的情况下,根据试点目标和实际工作的需要,建立对农户实施轮作休耕效果的评价标准和体系,以评价结果为重要依据,实行保基本、重实效的补助发放制度。此外,还鼓励各地结合国家重点项目建设,将耕地轮作休耕制度试点与农业示范区、绿色高产高效创建等结合起来,通过整合项目,集约资金,提高试点政策的实施效果。

对轮作休耕区域实施遥感监测,也是今年试点实施方式的创新。曾衍德说:“今年,凡是开展轮作休耕的地块,全部要实现上星上图。采用卫星遥感影像,结合实地调查验证,跟踪监测轮作区的种植变化,包括休耕作物的面积变化,轮到哪里、休到哪里,轮多少、休多少,一目了然。同时,推进成效监管数字化,耕地轮作休耕的目标是耕地质量提升。要通过科学布置监测网点,长期定点跟踪耕地质量变化。”(经济日报记者 乔金亮)

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