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电改“下半场”将啃“硬骨头”

2017-08-10 07:10:56   中国经济网

在中央提出“能源革命”的大背景下,被称为“啃硬骨头”的电力体制改革格外引人关注。

2015年3月,《进一步深化电力体制改革的若干意见》印发,揭开了新一轮电改序幕。与13年前的首次新电改不同,新一轮改革以“放开两头,管住中间”为体制框架,涉及电价改革、电网独立、放开市场等一系列核心环节,被认为更具现实性。

国家发展改革委体改司巡视员王强在接受《经济日报》记者采访时表示,两年多来,电力体制改革全面铺开,并在输配电价改革、电力市场建设等多个领域取得重要突破,为经济社会持续健康发展提供了强有力支撑。

“目前,输配电价改革已实现了省级电网全覆盖,为多方直接交易奠定了坚实基础。”王强表示,据统计,前两批18个省级电网及深圳电网,累计核减电网准许收入300多亿元,降价空间全部用于降低工商业电价水平,有效减轻了实体经济负担。剩余的第三批14个省级电网输配电价核定工作也全部完成,已由各省份价格部门陆续向社会公布。

输配电价改革是电力体制改革综合试点的缩影。目前,电力体制改革试点已覆盖除西藏以外的所有省份,以综合试点为主、多模式探索的改革格局已初步形成。

为有效激活市场活力,为电力用户提供多元化选择和增值服务,配售电业务加快向市场开放,初步建立了售电侧市场竞争机制。目前,全国在电力交易机构注册的售电公司已达1859家,启动了106个试点项目,探索社会资本参与增量配电业务新路径。

在积极推进电力体制改革的基础上,我国电力市场建设也取得了积极进展。国家能源局法制和体制改革司司长梁昌新表示:“我国电力市场逐步完善了市场化交易机制,初步搭建起市场化交易平台,同时积极培育了多元化市场主体。”

“我们将鼓励符合准入条件的电力用户参与市场化交易,支持分布式电源、电储能企业等新型市场主体参与市场化交易。”梁昌新表示,目前已有1.3万多家电力用户通过市场化交易,切实降低了用电成本,改革红利进一步释放。

王强说,尽管电力体制改革取得了初步成效,但依然存在着一些较突出的问题,需要在深化改革中加以解决。

王强表示:“除市场化交易面临区域壁垒外,行政干预市场化定价问题也比较严重。建立解决可再生能源消纳问题的长效机制,仍是清洁能源消纳的重点所在。”

“打破省间壁垒、减少行政干预、促进清洁能源消纳,实现资源在更大范围内优化配置,将是我们下一步工作的重中之重。”梁昌新说。

据悉,为规范电力中长期交易,新建煤电机组原则上将不再安排发电计划,新增电量将全部进入市场化竞争。同时,电力行业信用体系建设将进一步提速,《电力行业黑名单管理办法》目前正在征求意见,“黑名单”企业有望被强制退出电力市场。(经济日报记者 顾 阳)

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