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发改委:推动资源环境承载力监测预警规范化制度化

2017-09-23 06:31:58   中国青年网

近日,中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发了《关于建立资源环境承载能力监测预警长效机制的若干意见》(以下简称《意见》)。《意见》提出,推动实现资源环境承载能力监测预警规范化、常态化、制度化,引导和约束各地严格按照资源环境承载能力谋划经济社会发展。

那么,为什么要建立这种长效机制?长效机制有哪些特点?如何保障长效机制能够高效实施?记者就此采访了国家发改委有关负责人。

记者:为什么要建立资源环境承载能力监测预警长效机制?

答: 随着我国经济社会的快速发展,资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重,生态系统退化的形势日趋严峻,一些地区资源环境承载能力已达到或接近上限。建立资源环境承载能力监测预警长效机制,对国土空间开发利用状况开展综合评价,可以更加清晰地认识不同区域国土空间的特点、属性和开发现状、潜力、超载状况,明确区域资源环境超载问题的根源与症结,从而实施差异化的管控与管理措施。

长效机制的建立,将发挥资源环境监测预警的引导约束作用,有效规范空间开发秩序,合理控制开发强度,将各类开发活动限制在资源环境承载能力之内,促进人口、经济、资源环境的空间均衡,对于坚定不移实施主体功能区战略和制度、加快推进生态文明建设具有重要意义。

记者:《意见》将资源环境承载能力分为超载、临界超载、不超载三个等级,并根据资源环境耗损加剧与趋缓程度,进一步将预警等级从高到低依次分为红色、橙色、黄色、蓝色、绿色。对此,应如何看待?

答: 《意见》针对不同等级设计了综合配套措施与单项管控措施相结合的管控机制。其中,对于红色预警区,实施的管控措施最严格,包括最严格的区域限批,对严重破坏资源环境承载能力的企业、管理不力的政府部门负责人、负有责任的领导干部等责任主体都要严厉处罚。对于绿色无警区,实施鼓励性措施,包括研究建立生态保护补偿机制和发展权补偿制度,提高领导干部生态文明建设目标评价考核权重等。

单项管控措施主要针对土地资源、水资源、环境、生态以及海域等要素,目的在于提高资源环境管控的针对性,超载地区和临界超载地区是管控重点。对超载地区的管控最为严厉,突出的是“惩罚”,目的是遏制趋势,主要提出了“冻结性”措施、惩戒性举措、开展限期整改和治理行动等管控要求。对临界超载地区的管控严厉程度次之,突出的是“预警”,目的是防范恶化风险,主要提出了“防范性”措施、建立风险防控机制等管控要求。

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