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中国对资源环境超载地区“亮红灯”将成长期制度

2017-09-23 00:46:57   中国青年网

近年来,中国一些地区资源环境承载能力已达到上限,生态破坏、环境污染问题日益突出。为有效规范区域开发秩序、合理控制开发强度,中国计划建立资源环境承载能力监测预警长效机制。22日,记者就该机制的相关情况采访了中国国家发展和改革委员会发展规划司副巡视员马强。

“建立资源环境承载能力监测预警长效机制,对国土空间开发利用状况开展综合评价,可以更加清晰地认识不同区域国土空间的特点和属性,开发现状、潜力和超载状况,明确区域资源环境超载问题的根源与症结,从而实施差异化的管控与管理措施。”马强表示,长效机制的建立,将切实将各类开发活动限制在资源环境承载能力之内,促进人口、经济、资源环境的空间均衡。

资料图:航拍如皋长青沙备用水源一汪清泉美景。于从文 摄

近日,中国印发了《关于建立资源环境承载能力监测预警长效机制的若干意见》,对机制的建立提出了详细的规划建议。意见将资源环境承载能力分为超载、临界超载和不超载三个类型,并根据资源环境耗损加剧与趋缓程度,进一步分为红色、橙色、黄色、蓝色和绿色五个预警等级。

马强表示,除了评价等级,该机制最关键的特点就是具有管控功能。按照激励与约束并重的原则,意见重点设计了综合配套措施与单项管控措施,体现了“有赏有罚”的理念。

马强介绍,综合配套措施重点对红色预警区、绿色无警区以及预警等级相互转变区实施综合管理。对于红色预警区,将实施最严格管控措施,包括区域限批,对严重破坏资源环境承载能力的企业、管理不力的政府部门负责人等责任主体进行严厉处罚。

该机制还将建立一体化监测预警评价机制,即对全域国土空间进行定期监测预警,对超载地区开展加密实时监测预警。

马强表示,建立资源环境承载能力监测预警长效机制需要做好前期各个地区的“评价”工作,同时要建设好数据库和信息技术平台作为整个机制的基础。

意见提出,要在2018年年底前建立监测预警数据库和信息技术平台,于2020年年底前组织完成全国资源环境承载能力普查,并发布综合评价结论。

马强介绍称,目前中国国家发改委已开展了京津冀地区试评价,了解资源环境承载能力监测预警工作的成效和存在的问题,以及构建长效机制的经验和做法,“接下来最关键的是加快技术方法的研究,根据不同地域单元的情况科学制定机制”。

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