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谁来清理“堆积如山”的共享单车?

2017-09-09 16:16:39   新华网

以大数据为主的技术创新手段,亦被各地方政府的单车指导意见所提及。其中,郑州市交通委就考虑用技术手段解决乱停乱放,比如,要求自行车公司将其营运数据与郑州市城市数字化平台对接,可协调城管、公安,划出专门区域免费停放各种公共自行车。

摩拜单车大数据分析显示,北上广深的共享单车数量已达供需平衡。下一步,共享单车进入新赛道,精细化、智能化运营是重点。此外,摩拜单车能够实时监测每一辆单车的运行情况,并通过大数据分析实时调度车辆、平衡车辆供需。卫星精准定位和物联网技术综合运用,让大数据平台可以实时分析区域车辆分布和运行状况,进一步调整供需平衡,最终达到智能化停放管理。

值得一提的是,各地的规定中都指出,对承租人蓄意破坏、盗窃共享单车等行为、违反交通法规行为进行依法查处。针对儿童骑自行车的安全问题,昆明、上海则明确指出承租人需满12周岁。

总体来讲,从各地的规定可以看出对共享单车这一新兴行业的鼓励。规定中对已出现的大多数问题进行了规范,对于共享单车的可持续发展有利。但是,规定的具体实施涉及多个主体,要真正让政策走的通还需要更具体的实施方案。

  专家建议:正面清单与负面清单相结合

共享单车乱停放问题的出现,是停车区域设置不足、单车企业维护不力和用户随意停放等多重因素共同作用的结果。

公安部道路交通安全研究中心机动车安全研究室主任周文辉接受人民网记者采访时表示,我国大部分城市的停车位没有规划,过街设施不方便,没有停放区和禁停区,这就导致了一些共享单车就停放在马路的一边。

对此,中国政法大学副教授李俊慧则建议,从政府的角度来看,“对不适宜停放的区域和路段,可制定负面清单实行禁停管理”,对于人流集中的场所,包括重要商业区域、公共交通站点、交通枢纽、居住区、旅游景区周边等场所,应当施划配套的自行车停车点位,方便用户停放。

“而对于平台来说,要结合后台数据,建立车辆停放淤积预警机制,并加大线下调度维护力度,结合用户使用特点,在特定时间段内,加大特定区域内车辆逆向调度转运,降低因淤积停放产生危害道路交通安全的风险发生。” 李俊慧说。

对此,ofo联合创始人杨品杰告诉人民网记者,ofo对于“负面清单”的方向也做了积极探索:不断迭代软硬件技术,积极配合试点电子围栏技术,探索“正面清单+负面清单”的电子围栏管理模式。“当前,我们在试验正面清单(北京通州区、东城区等),现在也在部分地区开展‘负面清单’试验。”杨品杰说。

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