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把国企降杠杆作为“去杠杆”重中之重

2017-08-23 21:41:29   新华网

新华社北京8月23日电 题:把国企降杠杆作为“去杠杆”重中之重

新华社记者王希、吴雨

23日召开的国务院常务会议提出,当前要抓住央企效益转降回升的有利时机,把国企降杠杆作为“去杠杆”的重中之重,做好降低央企负债率工作。

供给侧结构性改革的微观基础在于企业改革,其中国有企业是主力军,也是主战场。今年前7个月,中央企业利润由降转升,资产负债率比年初下降0.2个百分点,但控负债防风险、优化资本结构方面依然重任在肩。

建立严格的分行业负债率警戒线管控制度,建立多渠道降低企业债务机制,积极稳妥推进市场化法治化债转股,强化问责,在推动新旧动能接续转换中实现产业转型升级和降杠杆……此次的国务院常务会议就央企深化改革降低杠杆做出了一系列具体部署。

国务院国资委总会计师沈莹此前介绍说,国资委对一些高负债企业实施负债率和负债规模“双管控”,通过预算、考核、薪酬、投资管理等方面联动,加大管控力度。

她表示,截至今年上半年,已有12家央企与有关银行签订了市场化债转股框架协议。此外,国资委还鼓励企业通过IPO、配股等方式从资本市场融资,改善资本结构;支持企业开展资产证券化业务,盘活存量资产来筹集发展资金,尽量减少对负债的依赖。

中国人民大学重阳金融研究院高级研究员董希淼分析说,目前开展的市场化债转股主要集中在钢铁、煤炭、冶金等行业,未来应积极稳妥地扩大到更多负债率较高、产品有市场、有竞争能力的实体经济行业和企业。

他认为,兼并重组是国企“去杠杆”的有效途径,有利于提高国企的资源整合和使用效率,进而降低企业的杠杆率。“国企的高杠杆率和产能过剩经常同时出现、相互交织,推进国企兼并重组应与去产能工作有效结合。”董希淼说。

专家表示,推动央企资产负债率总体持续稳中有降,一方面要从内部发力,可以在深化国企改革、盘活存量资产、增加经营积累、强化资本约束、拓展股权融资、推进债务重组等方面综合施策;另一方面要从外部着力,加快多层次资本市场建设,创新金融服务方式,提升金融服务的效率和水平。

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