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京津冀统一重污染预警分级标准

2016-11-21 21:02:46   新华社

原标题:京津冀统一重污染预警分级标准 单日AQI达500启动红色预警

新华社北京11月21日电(记者倪元锦、王迪迩)北京市政府新闻办公室21日发布最新修订的《北京市空气重污染应急预案》,体现了“京津冀统一预警分级 标准”,并根据北京市污染源特点,强化机动车减排,未来,重污染橙色、红色预警时,国一、国二排放标准的轻型汽油车在北京市域内禁行,新预案12月15日 起实施。

据介绍,按照总体措施力度不减、重点措施细化加强、局部措施优化调整的原则,新预案还因地制宜细化了停产、停工措施,并在停课、停学方面采取差别化方案。

北京市环保局副局长、新闻发言人方力说,按照环保部要求,考虑到污染物单日高浓度值等因素,新预案体现了“京津冀统一预警分级标准”。

据他介绍,重污染蓝色预警,为预测未来将出现1天“5级重度污染”;重污染黄色预警,为预测连续2天及以上出现“5级重度污染”;重污染橙色 预警,为预测连续3天出现“5级重度污染”,其中1天达到“6级严重污染”;重污染红色预警,为预测连续4天及以上出现“5级重度污染”,其中2天达到 “6级严重污染”,单日空气质量指数(AQI)达到500时,也要启动红色预警。

新预案还加强了机动车污染减排力度。北京市环保局机动车处处长李昆生说,目前北京市机动车保有量约570万辆,年排放污染物总量约50万吨,在PM2.5本地污染贡献中,机动车排放贡献比例占比最高,达30%以上,非采暖季可达到40%以上。

方力说,按照“优先削减高污染排放车”的原则,重污染橙色预警时,实施全市国一、国二排放标准汽油车及建筑垃圾、渣土、砂石运输车辆禁行的应急措施;重污染红色预警时,在橙色预警禁行的基础上,全市其他车辆实行单双号行驶(纯电动汽车除外)。

在停课、停学方面,新预案措施体现了差别化。综合考虑地区空气质量差异、学校教学条件,以及学生停课涉及到的家长看护、教学安排等多方面因素,将统一停课措施调整为由市、区教育主管部门根据属地实际情况,指导中小学、幼儿园,采取弹性教学或停课的防护措施。

此外,新预案还因地制宜细化了停产停工措施。方力说,将以“污染减排力度不降”为目标,按照“正面清单、负面工序”的思路,将停限产目录内企业整体停限产细化为“有大气污染排放的工序停限产”,其他“非污染工序”可正常生产。

今年7月,中国工程院发布的《<大气污染防治行动计划>实施情况中期评估报告》认为,尽管京津冀地区“气象条件”较2013年有转差趋势,但对治霾措施给予肯定。

上述报告称,2015年冬季,京津冀两次联动应急减排措施使得北京市PM2.5平均浓度分别下降17%和20%-25%,说明在重污染天气启动应急预案,能够有效降低区域大气污染物排放量,进而显著削减PM2.5浓度峰值。

方力指出,北京市2012年首次发布实施“空气重污染应急预案”,4年来,应急预案对减缓重污染积累程度、保护公众健康发挥积极作用。(完)

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