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红军翻雪山、过草地究竟有多难?你来感受下

2016-10-17 14:12:26   

走进雪山草地 感知红军挑战人类极限



以行军艰难著称的红军翻雪山、过草地,究竟艰在哪里、难在何处?记者近日走进红军长征时走过的部分雪山草地,感知当年红军克服人类体能和生存极限的英雄壮举。

根据四川省省委党史研究室整理的史料,中央红军先后翻越了夹金山、梦笔山、长板山、昌德山、打鼓山5座海拔4100米以上的雪山,加上红四、红二方面军,红军长征期间在四川翻越的4000米以上的雪山多达67座。

横亘于四川宝兴县与小金县之间的夹金山,是中央红军翻越的第一座大雪山,以后红四方面军又两过此山。夹金山主峰海拔4260米,山顶终年积雪,天气变化无常。当地有民谣:“夹金山、夹金山,鸟儿飞不过,人畜不敢攀,要过夹金山,除非神仙到人间。”

1935年6月12日,红一方面军二师四团从宝兴县硗碛乡出发率先翻越夹金山。如今的硗碛乡,依然流传着许多红军纪律严明、秋毫无犯、爱民助民的故事,保留着红军宿营经过的“凉水井”、“誓师坝”等遗址。

当年提了一盏马灯主动给红军带路的藏族向导莫日坚,分手时红军送了他一个响亮的名字——“马灯红”。如今在硗碛神木垒风景区工作的马花是马灯红的孙女。马花告诉记者:“爷爷生前多次讲述,红军一早就从蚂蝗沟旁的小路开始爬山,爬到半山腰的一支箭、五道拐等地时,路越来越窄、越来越陡,雪越来越深,天气越来越冷,空气越来越稀薄,前面的战士用木棒、刺刀挖着踏脚孔,后边的队伍相互搀扶着,艰难地往上爬。这时人已累到了极限,快到山顶时还遇上了冰雹,有些战士没有防备,跌倒了,滑下山去,就再也找不到他们了。”

尽管81年后的夹金山气候发生了很大变化,皑皑积雪已经少见,但驱车在蜿蜒的盘山公路上,特别是站到山顶王母寨垭口回望山下,盘旋曲折的山路依然令人感叹:当年衣衫单薄、草鞋履地、靠辣椒水御寒的红军,身上蕴含的是股什么样的精气神!

聂荣臻元帅在回忆录里写道:“山顶空气稀薄,不能讲话,只能闷着头走,不管多累,也不敢停下来休息,一坐下来就可能永远起不来了……就整个来说,我们全靠万众一心、群策群力,互相帮助,发扬了阶级友爱胜利地越过了夹金山。”

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