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一件事出动15个部委 要对标美国、欧洲和日本

2017-09-14 10:07:58   中国网

如果以为发展燃料乙醇只是抵消了10%化石能源这么简单,那就太单纯了。乙醇汽油只是在末端的应用,与其在前端的生产过程一样用友好的方式抑制了排放。

根据介绍,燃料乙醇的生产原料多为玉米及秸秆,大幅提高燃料乙醇产量意味着原料的需求大增。据测算,国内每年有可利用的秸秆和林业废弃物超过4亿吨,其中的30%就可以生产燃料乙醇2000万吨。这无疑有助化解屡禁不止的秸秆焚烧问题,这个“老大难”此前是公认的雾霾元凶之一。

除了服务于减排,16年前开展试点的表述中,政知见注意到,“解决大量‘陈化粮’”被排在首位。

近几年,我国的玉米产量实际上一直过剩。两会上透露,东北三省和内蒙古,玉米的库存超储总计约2.3亿吨。经验显示,这些玉米如果再放一两年,就不好吃了。

诚然,好不好吃还是其次,更重要的是,国际经验表明发展生物燃料乙醇可以为大宗农产品建立长期、稳定、可控的加工转化渠道,提高国家对粮食市场的调控能力。

熟悉农产品市场的读者应该能联想到,农副产品往往总在稀缺和过剩之间飘摇。如果有一个巨大的生物燃料乙醇市场,国家战略需要的时候,可以加快把这些超期超标的粮食进行转化,如果供求紧张的时候,可以转而用木薯这些淀粉质的原料来生产燃料乙醇,形成一个良好的调控手段。

“弯道超车”,靠谱吗?

行文至此,我们来说说前面按住未表的“停售时间表”问题。

目前,英、法等国都在今年夏天相继宣布将在23年后,即2040年起停止销售传统能源车,荷兰、挪威更加激进,他们将“红线”划在了8年后的2025年。

那么中国将把这道“生死线”划在哪年?政知见请教了汽车工程学会的专家,他表示这并不好估算,但他提供的测算数据预计,2030年新能源汽车销量占比将在40%以上。

同时,明眼人都不难看出,新能源车作为一个公认的趋势,各方都想在动力系统“大换血”的变革中实现中国车企的“弯道超车”。这是一个难得的机遇,只是我们离这个目标多远?

总体来看,不易。

潘旭东告诉政知见,目前的电池技术,日本首屈一指,欧洲的车厂也大都有其续航里程在400公里左右的纯电汽车产品,中国仍需追赶。

其次,造车也绝不仅是只靠动力总成,车体、装配、调试都是需要克服的难题,中国新能源车企也一定绕不开。“或许和成熟的国产传统汽车生产商联手,各自发挥优势,是一个可行的途径。”

责任编辑:孙启浩 CN037
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