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美国财长:特朗普降企业税至15%不现实 今年要完成税改

2017-09-13 19:01:24   中国青年网

美国总统特朗普税改计划的最大动作之一——将企业税从35%降至15%,又遭到美国财长和白宫负责立法事务高级官员的公开怀疑。

美国财政部长努钦 视觉中国 资料图

当地时间9月12日,美国财政部长努钦在接受CNBC采访时说:“总统从竞选时就清楚表示,在理想情况下,他想要把企业税削减至15%。考虑到预算问题,我不知道我们是否能实现这一目标,但是我们会把企业税削减至一个非常有竞争力的水平。重要的是我们能够获得一个有竞争力的体系,具体税率数字的重要性相比较低。”

此外,努钦还表示特朗普政府正在考虑一项用减税刺激经济的措施,即将新税法的实施日期回溯到2017年的1月,“这对经济来说将会是一个巨大的福利。”

同一天,美国白宫负责立法事务的高级官员马克?肖特对媒体表示,特朗普仍在坚持15%的企业税率,但是:“最终很可能要通过妥协,来达成最好的方案。”

肖特称,白宫和国会已经“非常接近敲定”税改方案,并已经解决了一些早期的意见分歧。白宫在看到医保改革四分五裂之后,对于仅仅依赖共和党的支持感到担忧,并正在真诚寻求民主党的支持。

努钦还对CNBC表示,会在今年完成税改。

但离开白宫的前特朗普智囊、首席战略师斯蒂芬?班农却有不同意见。据华尔街日报报道,9月12日,班农在香港的闭门会议上说,他预期至少到今年年底,这3个月之间税法很难有任何改变,很可能到明年才能实现税改。尽管从白宫离职,班农称自已希望成为特朗普在白宫之外的助力。

CNBC也援引一些观察人士称,考虑到改变税法的复杂程序,以及立法者不同的利益,在年底前完成税法改革的预期,还是太过乐观。

9月12日晚间,特朗普邀请了3名民主党参议员和3名共和党参议员共进晚餐。参议院的民主党人曾向共和党领袖和特朗普发联名信,宣布民主党将不会支持对“1%的富人”减税的方案,也不会支持将会加剧政府20万亿美元债务的方案。仅有特朗普邀请的这3名民主党参议员没有在联名信上签名。

这3名温和民主党议员分别是印第安纳州的乔?唐纳利(Joe Donnelly),北达科他州议员海迪?海特坎普(Heidi Heitkamp),西弗吉尼亚州议员乔?曼钦 (Joe Manchin )。

据《纽约时报》报道,同一天,民主党参议员强烈抨击特朗普废除房地产遗产税的呼吁,认为这是对富人减税,并宣布他们将会阻击或者改写任何废除房地产遗产税的法案。

据外媒报道,努钦表示,如果需要,特朗普政府会鼓励共和党启动“和解”程序,降低国会通过税改的难度。按照常规机制,在参议员的100席中,共和党占据52席,需要60张赞成票,才能够通过税改。但是如果启动“和解”程序,那么只要获得51张赞成票,即保证不多于1名共和党倒戈,或是争取到民主党的赞成票,就可以通过新的税法。

3名民主党参议员在参加特朗普晚宴后发布声明。海特坎普发布声明重申税改法案应当支持工薪家庭和农民,让他们不至于背负大量债务,支持简化税法。曼钦则发布声明称,会继续争取简化税法,但是“我们进行的税改,必须不再增加已经摇摇欲坠的政府债务。”

唐纳利在晚宴后发布声明称:我相信税改应当含有这样的手段,支持投资美国工人的公司,惩罚那些将美国人的工作送往海外的公司。我希望我们可以一起合作,鼓励让美国工人能从中受益的国内投资。

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