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中车无人驾驶公交上路 乘客:像“老司机”(图)

2017-08-22 08:51:28   第一财经

中车方面则在加速打造更智能的轨道交通装备。

冯江华告诉第一财经记者,中车株洲所里的“宝贝”,除了无人驾驶电动客车,还有“智轨”。外观像地铁,却没有轨道,列车车头拖着数十米的身躯稳稳地行驶在公路上,也可以实现无人驾驶。

他说的“智轨”,就是今年6月中车株洲所对外发布的全球首列“智能轨道快运列车”,能在虚拟轨道上实现自动驾驶。它将现代有轨电车和公共汽车的优势融为一体,为解决“城市病”量身定做。既不需要单独建设轨道,可与其他车辆共享路权,又有运量大的优势,将为城市出行带来全新选择和体验。

中车株洲所城市基础设施事业部总经理彭忠红表示,它既能作为一线城市大运轨道交通的补充,也可作为二三线城市的客运主体,还能承担新区到新区、中心到旅游区等特定线路的运输,并能与现有的公共交通系统充分结合,打造地下、地面和空中的立体化交通网络。

看似无轨,实则有“轨”。简单来说,就是通过在车上安装各种传感器识别路面虚拟轨道线路,并将运行信息传送至列车“大脑”,根据“大脑”的指令,可以精准控制列车在既定“虚拟轨迹”上行驶,实现智能运行。未来,积累一定运行数据后,在此基础上加以改造,还可实现无人驾驶。

它还是一个“灵活的胖子”。长达30多米的身躯是怎么转弯掉头的呢?正是因为拥有“虚拟轨道跟随控制”技术,“智轨”列车转弯半径与普通公交车相当,且比普通公交车辆占用的通道宽度更小,很好地解决了超长车身带来的转弯难题。

“不用单独建设轨道,能在城市自由穿梭,带来的好处就是,建设成本大大降低、建设周期大大缩短。”冯江华说。

中车株洲所披露的一组数据显示,我国地铁造价约为4亿~7亿元/公里;现代有轨电车线路造价约为1.5亿~2亿元/公里;而“智轨”在与现代有轨电车运力相同的情况下,只需简单的道路改造就能投入使用,整体线路的投资约为现代有轨电车的20%,也就是说,建设一条10公里的线路,与现代有轨电车相比,“智轨”能节省10亿元以上,在成本上具有绝对优势。

“速成”也是一大特色。与现代有轨电车相比,智轨列车设计最高时速同样为70公里,但因为不依赖钢轨行驶,一条运行线的建设周期仅需一年,能快速投入使用。

在运力方面,列车采用高铁柔性编组的模式,能根据客流变化调节运力,比如采用标准的3节编组时,列车可载客超过300人,5节编组时可载客超过500人,能有效解决普通公交车载客量小的缺陷,运力大大提高。

“智轨”列车还具有轻轨、地铁等轨道列车的零排放、无污染的特性,并支持多种供电方式,“充电十分钟,能跑25公里”。

目前,株洲市人民政府宣布,为智轨列车量身定做的全国首条智能轨道快运系统示范线路将正式进入实质规划阶段。根据规划目标,该条示范线有望在2018年投入商业运营,这将大大提升株洲市的交通运营能力。此外,也有其他城市与中车株洲所签订了订购意向书。

值得一提的是,智能制造不只是一个车间的自动化生产,或者说车间里一两个机器人作业,而是一个包括产品智能化、装备智能化、生产智能化、管理智能化、服务智能化在内的完整体系。

当虚拟的“老司机”接受了包括乘客、行人、上路的其他司机们,以及复杂路况的考验,最终才能成为城市病的真正终结者。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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