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中国炼油产能过剩超亿吨 油价迫近4元降回到十年前

2017-06-20 07:13:39   每日经济新闻

对于1.9元到2.3元范围的理论利润范围,李彦表示,“在价差较大的情况下,形成了一个理论价格利润空间,让加油站‘有底气’进行‘价格战’的比拼。”

不过需要注意的是,民营加油站很少能够达到最高零售限价,且还存在运输成本等其他因素,所以实际利润会比上述数据稍低一些。

在这种情况下,当降价潮发生时,部分地区动辄1元以上优惠幅度,让加油站的利润开始缩小,批零价差的优势也在减弱。

隆众资讯分析师赵桂珍对《每日经济新闻》记者表示,华北地区有民营加油站92#汽油零售价已低至4.1元/升。而据加油站方面反映,提货价是在3.9元/升,销售价是4.1元/升,几乎不赚钱了。

市场风向:成品油批发价格仍在承压

当前在成品油终端零售方面,有发改委规定的“天花板”价,车主们能否持续享受低油价的实在好处,主要取决于成品油批发价走势,这也是地炼企业最“难受”的地方。

刘磊介绍说,在地炼企业成品油出口配额被取消后,目前销售渠道主要有中石油、中石化等主营单位外采、中间贸易商以及民营终端加油站。

《每日经济新闻》记者在采访中发现,一些地炼企业对于主营单位依赖程度强,有的山东地炼企业近六成成品油依靠中石油、中石化外采,基本最终都流向了中石油、中石化旗下的加油站。

而这一切的根源在于近些年地方炼厂不断更新工艺设置与装置,使油品质量不断提高,一些地炼企业甚至直接瞄准世界先进水平。

数据显示,在2016年,约20家山东地炼具备生产国V标准成品油的能力,超过1/3获央企和国际油企外采资格,部分企业连续3年以上出厂合格率达100%。此外,目前已有多家山东地炼企业拥有国VI生产能力。

刘磊表示,由于主营单位外采量大,议价能力强,所以地炼企业供给他们的成品油批发价相对会更低一些,属于薄利多销。

不过,近期的降价潮着实让刘磊表示有些“吃不消”,因为“两桶油”旗下加油站都在降价,批发端也在施压。“现在中石油、中石化把我们的价格压得很低,‘国六’的批发价压到5500元/吨了,已经没法做了。”但他同时也补充说,“现在地炼之间的竞争压力也非常大,这家不做,总有别家会做。”

在这种情况下,一些地炼企业想要减少对“两桶油”的依赖,转向更多销往民营加油站。然而,降价仍然是绕不开的话题。

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