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救援官兵忆唐山大地震:都是臭味 戴防毒面具也没用

2016-07-28 08:08:32   澎湃新闻网

在生活上,整个部队最困难的是什么?是喝水问题。没有水,无论哪个部门都没有水——只能靠天上下的雨。有相当一段时间,至少有十多天,用的都是沟里面的水。吃的方面我们带有罐头,但一边挖死难者,一边吃罐头,这种生理感觉和心理感觉能行吗?说实话,直到现在我都不碰罐头。

毛主席逝世时,我们还在唐山,是一级战备;毛主席逝世后,我们就撤出唐山了。

海军23训练基地吴泉元:获救的市民没水喝、没食物吃

唐山地震发生后,海军给我们驻扎在锦西的23训练基地和第二炮兵学院、第一航校这三个部队下达命令,组成一个抗震救灾团,当时赖金华司令为团长,二炮院的政委聂洪国为副团长。我们出发的时间是29日早上4点,达到灾区的时间是31号下午4点。

车子进入唐山郊区,我们就看到路边堆着很多死难者。当时我们都是二十岁刚出头小年青,都有些害怕的。其中一个辽宁兵,人都发抖,像小孩一样把脸捂起来,那个惨境可想而知。

那个味和整个空气中弥漫的味混在一起,逃也逃不掉,吃的东西都要吐出来。我们附近两百米处有一个冷库,断电之后,冷库里面的肉都烂掉了。我们是真遭罪了。风一吹,整个都是呛人的味道。所以,你想把臭味去掉,那是不可能的。其实,我们部队带了很多东西去,包括大米。但是大米没用,没有水烧。罐头肉即使吃下去了,也会吐出来。后来大家集体消瘦,一百二三十斤的身体,最后只瘦得八九十斤、一百来斤了。在这样艰难的条件下,我们还是得坚持干活,坚持去废墟挖人。我只讲一件事,我们去的时候,都是穿着海军服,后来给发了陆军服。衣服的背后全都是白的,什么东西啊?汗干了湿,湿了再干,是汗水中的盐,起先只有一圈白的,后来整个都是白的,你想想我们出了多少汗了。全是汗,不停地出汗。

整个空中都是臭味,戴防毒面具也没什么用;但还是要戴。到最后,我们那个连队挖了八百多人。唐山地震的救灾工作,都是很原始的,起先是用手扒,后来用铁锹挖。如果像现在有生命探测仪、挖掘机等先进设备的话,救出的活人应更多,因为当我们二十多天后,还能挖出完整且没有腐烂的尸体,说明这些人刚死没几天。

唐山地震之初,水电全部中断,生活必须品都被倒塌的房屋压在下边,获救的市民没水喝、没食物吃。我们到唐山的前几顿饭都被老百姓吃光,带的水都给市民喝了。大约一周左右,各地的救灾物资源源不断地运进唐山,但救灾部队的纪律非常严格,不许拿老百姓的一针一线。有三件事至今还记得很清楚:一个是在废墟中扒出的一切物品都必须上交,手表、金银首饰、钱、票等等。为什么是钱呢,我这里要说一下。尽管当时的工资水平不高(我那时候还没有提干,一个月拿七八块钱),唐山煤矿工人的收入则相对比较高,所以我们挖出的现金比较多的。当时没有一百块的钞票,都是十块的,都放在桌面上也很多啦!没有一个战士不上交的。二是有一名新入伍的战士向市民要了两个信封和几张信纸,被领导批评教育后并将其退伍送回原籍。三是一个干部发现一只百姓养的鸽子死了,将其褪毛后放入锅内,被鸽子主人发现了,部队进行了严肃批评,并责令写出了检查,照价赔偿。这三件事一直在我内心深处保存着,一有时间就翻出来讲给孩子们听,教育后代们铭记那段历史,学习人民军队的优良传统。

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