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就业歧视屡禁不绝 媒体:是时候出台反就业歧视法了

2016-01-26 10:12:58   中国新闻网

户籍歧视

消除户籍歧视解绑福利资源是关键

细心观察不难发现,就业中最初仅仅针对农民工的户籍歧视,现在范围反倒扩大。越来越多的城里人也开始遭遇户籍就业歧视,因为户籍而产生的就业歧视,通常以是否具有本地户口为界限,没有本地户口的外地人,即便不是进城务工的农民工,也会遭受就业歧视,“非本地户口不要”的招聘要求并不鲜见。甚至在一些特殊岗位和行业,有没有本地户口是唯一的门槛要求。

“之所以户籍会成为就业歧视的诱因,重要原因在于,在我国,户籍绑定了太多的社会福利。最重要的体现就是,户籍决定教育,教育又直接决定着就业。”北京外国语大学法学院闫冬博士说。

与西方发达国家相比,我国在就业歧视方面存在比较突出的身份歧视,主要是指户籍歧视,这是基于城乡二元社会结构产生的。

“就业促进法并没有明确提及户籍的问题,这也是为了适应我国逐步进行的户籍改革。而且法律中使用的是‘进城就业’的说法,强调的是对农民工的户籍保护。但实际上,户籍问题不仅仅影响农民工,还影响到除本地人以外的所有外地人。”如何才能消除就业中的户籍歧视,闫冬认为,关键取决于跟户口相关的社会资源是否解绑。比如社保、职业救济方面,是否能公平对待外地人和本地人,即一旦失业,是否外地人也能到当地的就业培训机构或者职业介绍机构,获得免费的培训或者帮助。

闫冬认为,随着人们生活水平的提高和社会交流面的拓宽,户籍对劳动者的影响面逐步扩大。但由于户籍就业歧视是基于户籍制度而存在的,如果户籍制度取消,那么这个问题就不会出现。

闫冬建议,在反就业歧视法中,对户籍的规定应考虑到上述因素。在闫冬看来,户籍制度应当渐进取消。户籍制度的取消和经济发展要同步,贸然取消户籍制度未必是件好事,最好的办法是把社会资源进行扩展,扩充到更多的地区,往外分配一些,让更多的人能享受到现在由于户籍才能带来的福利。(本报记者 朱宁宁)

责任编辑:柯旺 CN044
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