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医保巨额财政补贴风险渐显 个人缴费比例或上升

2016-01-11 09:15:11   央广网

人社部社会保障研究所医保研究室主任王宗凡也认为,财政补贴比重过大,不仅带来财政是否可支撑的问题,也使得居民医保有滑向福利制度的危险。完善居民医保筹资机制的基本原则,是回归社会保险属性。

“虽然在法律层面上,我国城镇居民医保制度属于社会保险制度,但是在实践中,居民医保却采取了一些超出常规的政策措施,如自愿参保缴费、主要依赖财政补贴吸引参保、定额缴费、不顾筹资能力过快提升待遇等。”王宗凡认为,在制度建立之初,这些政策措施有效地促进了参保扩面、增强了制度吸引力,不过随着全民医保的实现,特别是在居民医保待遇水平达到相对较高的水平、基金支出压力越来越大的情况下,应该充分认识到现行筹资政策的局限,逐步增加个人缴费的比重,均衡个人和政府的筹资责任和负担。

对于未来的改革方向,王宗凡认为,调整筹资政策应充分考虑目前面临的困难和阻力,需要循序渐进、逐步推进,不可操之过急。随着居民收入的增长,可参照职工医保缴费单位和个人的分担比(约为3∶1),将居民医保缴费财政和个人分担比的调整目标也确定为3∶1。当然,实现这一目标还需要一个过渡期。

中国社科院财经战略研究院副研究员汪德华接受《经济参考报》记者采访时表示,居民医保的财政补贴是必要的,但是需要一定限制。“因为我国参加城镇居民医保和新农合的人数共约有8、9亿,而财政资金有限,如果都靠财政,那么医疗保障的待遇很难提上去,而且长期看对财政的支出压力会非常大。”他认为,财政和个人分担比逐步调整为1:1是比较合适的。

责任编辑:梁新华 CN043
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