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晒晒蓝天背后的秘密之一:为何北京颜值爆表?

2017-10-12 10:28:42   北京时间

所以,“清空计划”就根据对口部门进行了任务的分工,由各部门共同完成。而据曾景海透露,由于涉及到各部门间的协调,“清空计划”从开始起草到最终出台,前后共花去了半年时间,期间经历了几十轮修改,才最终成型。

回忆起五年前编写“清空计划”的日子,曾景海仍记忆犹新:“大家各有分工,通宵达旦地弄。为了保证第二天还能有战斗力,我们就轮班加班,谁前半夜、谁后半夜,后半夜的就一直弄到天亮,那段时间真的特别的紧。”

在曾景海看来,环保问题不是一个单纯的问题,它是在经济发展过程中出现的,涉及到各方各面。“它涉及到老百姓自身的生活需求——像用煤用车,也涉及到北京发展的历史状况——比如城市的膨胀。”曾景海解释说,“从来源来讲,治理单靠环保局一家是不现实的。”

以“清煤降氮”为例,就涉及包括环保局、经信委、农委、城管委、燃气集团、电力公司等在内的多个部门,在治理过程中更涉及诸多复杂的协调工作。

“很多时候都需要现场协调,光今年上半年就已经跑了五六百个锅炉改造点位。有的时候点位之间相隔比较远,一天下来开车400公里是常有的事。”曾景海笑称自己在兼职灭火队员。

作为清空计划中“压煤”部分的主笔,36岁的曾景海也是北京“清煤降氮”的主要推动者之一。“之所以控制燃煤,是因为燃煤是北京市空气中二氧化硫的最主要来源。而二氧化硫不仅是生成PM2.5中硫酸盐的前体物,同时也对人体也有一定危害。”他解释说。

老家在云南的曾景海还清楚记得自己2000年刚来北京上学的日子:“冬天时去胡同里面闲逛,就能闻到明显的煤烟味,有时觉得熏得慌。”

        

改造后的华电热电公司向天空排放的烟如同白云一般(受访者供图)

事实上,北京治理燃煤污染就始于上世纪90年代。

“那个时候北京空气污染已经很严重了,特别是燃煤污染比较重。所以就开始寻求引入清洁能源进行替代。”曾景海说,于是从北京市的核心区开始,由内而外的清理茶炉大灶和居民用的散煤。到2008年奥运前夕,城六区20吨以下燃煤锅炉就基本完成清除。

“2009年以后开始清吨位更大的锅炉,等到2015年的时候,就基本实现了城六区无燃煤锅炉。”曾景海说。

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