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晒晒蓝天背后的秘密之一:为何北京颜值爆表?

2017-10-12 10:28:42   北京时间

在北京市海淀区知春里社区,紧挨着知春里中学、有着30多年历史的双榆树供暖站为周围4500多户居民提供冬季采暖。2014年,随着北京“清煤降氮”工程的推进,供暖站的燃煤锅炉被燃气锅炉所替代。

在供暖站工作了13年的站长马玉彪告诉记者,在改燃气之前,由于锅炉对煤炭的需求量巨大,为锅炉配套的近千平方米煤场每年一到10月份就开始进煤,并一直持续到第二年3月。而在这期间,煤场就成了周围邻居们吐槽的对象。

“你努力苫盖得再好也没辙,尤其是一刮风,包括学校、居民楼都开不了窗户。学校也找过,邻居也找过,不过大家都挺好,也知道确实克服不了。”马玉彪回忆说。

“尤其是开始储备煤的时候,运煤车连着运几天,一卸卸一宿,肯定扰民啊。”马玉彪说,过去半夜进煤的运煤车辆也对周围的居民影响不小。

而如今,原本一到采暖季就煤灰飞扬的煤场已经变成了一个干净整洁的停车场,锅炉房的环境更是大变样,这让作为煤场工作人员的马玉彪也十分感叹。

“过去供暖站的上煤工、出渣工就跟煤矿工人似的,每天洗澡都洗不干净。现在不光环境干净了,操作也简单了,都是自动化的,按下按钮就行。”马玉彪说。

双榆树供暖站是北京消减燃煤锅炉的一个缩影。截至发稿时,北京城六区和通州区已经基本实现无燃煤锅炉。而到今年年末,基本无燃煤锅炉区域更有望扩展到南部四区的平原地区。

受益者:煤改电让居民告别煤灰渣土

在知春里社区向南10公里的北京市西城区校场社区,这里则经历着另外一种形式的“清煤运动”。同样是2014年,社区里的近4000户居民完成了“煤改电”。

和位于北京市三环外的知春里社区不同,校场社区位于北京市二环内,主要由近400个平房院落构成,楼房仅有2栋,在“煤改电”之前,住在胡同里的社区居民们主要依靠自家烧煤取暖甚至做饭——而这些用煤需求就是曾景海所说的散煤。

“散煤产生的空气污染物更容易堆积在近地面,污染非常大。”曾景海回忆说,所以在进行“煤改电”时,受到了居民们普遍欢迎。

“其实在‘煤改电’之前,我们还尝试过改燃气和热力管线,但因为老城区胡同太狭窄,施工困难,很难实施。所以后来就选择了‘煤改电’这个技术路线。”曾景海解释说,“最初先是在文物保护区试点,然后开始大范围推广。”

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