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基本面不“发令” 债市继续“横着走”

2017-10-12 07:27:54   

市场波动可能难免

上述一些因素在今后一段时间可能仍会给债市带来一定不利影响。

展望四季度,市场资金面仍存在短时波动风险。第一,四季度国债计划发行量较大,加上地方债,政府债发行造成的基础货币回笼规模不可小视。第二,从往年来看,四季度流动性波动性通常较大,年底考核造成的影响可能从11月中旬就将开始显现。第三,10月资金面将面临财政收税的冲击。10月为重要的季度缴税月份,且缴税规模常大于其他季度缴税月份。第四,于10月起施行的基金流动性管理新规或影响货币基金资金融出,进而将影响货币市场流动性,这一点在9月末流动性波动中已有所体现。第五,10月交易日较少,但仍有近1.6万亿同业存单到期,且从10月开始,发行3个月及更长期限的同业存单将可跨年,中小行滚动发行存单的动力可能较足,也可能在一定程度上增加流动性压力,推高短端利率水平,在当前收益率曲线较平的情况下,短端波动有重要影响。

对未来海外债市可能造成的扰动仍需保持警惕。全球经济仍保持复苏势头,货币政策回归正常化是大趋势,美联储12月再次加息的可能性已超过90%,退出宽松也逐渐被欧洲央行纳入政策选项,海外债市经历上半年的偏强震荡之后,未来可能步入调整期,需关注内外债市的联动效应。

金融严监管的影响还在持续显现,去杠杆、防风险工作尚未结束,监管政策可能还将继续落地。

进一步从供需角度分析,四季度利率债供给压力将有所上升。财政部于9月28日公布了2017年第四季度国债发行计划,计划显示四季度将发行22期记账式附息国债,发行数量较上年同期和今年第三季度均有所增加。综合天风、招商、兴业等券商研究的预测来看,第四季度国债净融资或在5000亿元上下,高于上年同期水平;地方债发行总额或在10000亿元左右;政策性金融债供给压力较大,净融资或接近6000亿元。天风证券分析师表示,如果只看国债和政策性金融债的净融资规模,今年四季度可能是历史单季最大规模。

往年四季度通常是债券发行的低潮期,供给压力将减轻,但今年可能将面临一定压力。再从需求层面看,在负债端约束下,今年以来银行倾向于将有限的资金更多配置到信贷方面,加上地方债的持续分流,导致银行对其他债券的配置力度始终不强;保险在上年持续超配后,最近几月配债力度明显下降;非银机构仍受到金融监管的约束。综合供需变化,在银行、保险等机构配置意愿本就不高或者趋弱的情况下,供给压力的上升值得关注。

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