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消费贷购房成社会乱象 银行直感叹“难管”

2017-09-29 10:07:51   

在多地相继下达严查消费贷款的要求后,记者调查发现,商业银行对存量和增量消费贷款主要做以下审查和调整——对已发放、未还清、金额比较小的消费贷款,就向客户发送通知(包括短信、电话),要求补交消费证明材料(发票、发货单、转账凭证之类),并进行贷后回访;对已发放、未还清、金额比较大的消费贷款,除了要求提供消费凭证、贷后审查外,还要求客户经理约见借款人,逐笔重新审查真实贷款意图。

在对已发放贷款的审查中,一旦发现任何有疑点的贷款,银行会立刻清理并要求收贷、罚息。某股份行就已有信用卡用户收到通知,银行方面要求他于9月底前,将此前在该行办理的信用卡现金分期的有效消费凭证上传至指定系统,并告知如果发现其将贷款用于购房等投资领域,或未按时提供或相关材料未能有效证明用于消费用途,银行将把该笔现金分期余额一次性计入信用卡账户。

值得注意的是,记者了解到,也有银行对已还清的消费贷款进行再核查,如果发现此前有违规流入楼市、股市的迹象,将进行风险提示。

对新增消费贷款的审查,除了严格审核真实贷款意图外,不少银行都通过缩短消费贷款期限、减少贷款额度甚至暂停额度的方式执行监管政策。

以平安银行房抵贷产品“宅易通”为例,目前该产品贷款年限都不超过10年,授薪人士单笔业务额度不超过500万元,而此前该产品的贷款期限长达30年。该行客服向记者透露,目前宅易通产品对深圳分行客户执行基准利率至少上浮40%的利率政策,其他分行则主要上浮20%。

值得注意的是,很多银行都已推出本行的网上个人消费贷款产品,这些产品不需要提供任何材料,申请、审批、签约、支用等全部环节均可在网上一步完成,这也对贷款用途的审核和贷后监管提出了更高要求。

  审查盲点难消

虽然银行已经尽量严格地执行消费贷款监管政策,但“上有政策、下有对策”,审查也存在盲点和难点。

“事实上,对于银行来说,如果购房者是直接把资金从贷款账户转账给开发商,成为购房款,无疑是最好审查的了,贷后资金监控一眼就能看出来,一抓一个准。”前述城商行消费金融部负责人表示。

不过,如果客户刻意用消费贷买房,银行也很难完全防住。据他总结,购房者在取得消费贷款后,还存在几种规避银行审查的方法,包括“蚂蚁搬家”和“虚假消费”。

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