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第三批光伏发电“领跑者”基地优选标准出炉 门槛提升

2017-09-25 07:11:53   中国经济网

技术提高将拉升投资回报率

与前两批“光伏领跑者”项目相比,第三批的“门槛”更高。

通知显示,本期技术领跑基地采用的多晶硅电池组件和单晶硅电池组件的光电转换效率应分别达到18%和18.9%以上,硅基、铜铟镓硒、碲化镉及其他薄膜电池组件的光电转换效率原则上参照晶硅电池组件效率提高幅度相应提高。而此前两批的要求为,多晶硅光伏组件转换效率不低于16.5%,单晶硅光伏组件转换效率不低于17%。

这也明显高于对其他光伏电站的要求。据国家能源局、工业和信息化部、国家认监委联合印发《关于提高主要光伏产品技术指标并加强监管工作的通知》要求,自2018年1月1日起,多晶硅、单晶硅电池组件的光电转换效率市场准入门槛将分别提高至16%和16.8%。

彭澎表示,伴随着技术的进步,作为领跑者,其技术肯定是要优于其他电站,所以提出一个更高的技术要求是非常合理的。根据测算,光电转化效率每提高一个点,在土地、人工成本等其他条件不变的情况下,投资回报率是可以提高5%的。

另一方面,门槛的提升对行业也将产生影响。彭澎表示,门槛提升对于大企业更加有利,因为其技术实力优于中小型企业。

需进一步降低非技术性成本

尽管由于光电转化效率提升能够带来投资回报率的提高,但是光伏行业不可忽视的一个问题是,补贴下降的脚步愈近,对电价要求更低的领跑者也提出了挑战。

通知要求投资者选用达到领跑技术指标的光伏产品,并将比当地光伏发电标杆上网电价低10%的电价作为企业竞价的入门门槛。

为确保光伏领跑者项目的顺利推进,彭澎建议说,领跑者电价通常低于标杆电价,所以也希望补贴能够及时发放,改善电站的现金流。

“其实(当前)之所以提供补贴,就是为了将来不再补贴。”彭澎说,现在困扰光伏电价下降的很大一个因素,已经逐渐变成了非技术成本。非技术成本包括土地租金高,并网成本高、周期长、难度也大,人工成本等也在上涨,最重要的一点还在于融资成本的上升。

“都希望光伏能够平价上网,不再拿国家的钱,现在光伏企业在技术领域的努力是有目共睹的,但是非技术领域成本的上升,蚕食掉了技术进步带来的电价下降空间,这意味着下一步如何来核算这个光伏电价,包括通过哪种手段来进一步消减非技术性成本,对我们的政策制定是很关键的。”彭澎表示。

中国光伏行业协会秘书长王勃华也曾指出,尽快降低非技术性成本是推动我国光伏平价上网的关键。

彭澎表示,“光伏领跑者”项目具有规模优势,在地方政府提供相对而言优质的本地化服务情况下,例如帮助开发商来有规划相应土地、帮助协调并网等,这能大大减轻开发商的非技术成本。

而这也更需要政策落实到位。彭澎表示,此前第二批出现的地方政府“正规土地不合规”等情况应当避免,地方政府应作出硬性承诺,并遵守承诺。地方政府如果能够帮助协调土地,就一定要落实到位。

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