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光伏201调查成窝里斗 连美方都联名反对

2017-09-24 07:31:52   中国经济网

包括协鑫、隆基、阿特斯、晶科、晶澳、天合光能等在内的十多家中国光伏巨头企业,以及那些对美国出口光伏组件较多的公司,都在等待一份来自美国国际贸易局(ITC)的调查认定结果。

这份结果,按照计划将会在美国当地时间9月22日发出。原本,结果应于一个月前完成,但由于案情复杂,调查被延期了30天。这份认定结果出炉后,将会在今年11月13日前向美国总统特朗普提交,然后等待做出最终的裁决。

最终的裁决结果,将会对所有非美国生产的商品带来不利影响。而中国厂商将会成为重灾区之一。

据美国海关数据显示,在2016年价值超过80亿美元的进口组件中,有15亿美元来自中国——这还不包括那些为了避开“双反”、在马来西亚和泰国等东南亚国家开设工厂的中国企业所生产的产品。

ITC此次针对光伏产业的上述调查被称为美国光伏“201案”。

经济观察报采访发现,将美国拉向光伏贸易战边缘的角色,其实是一家在4个月前已经宣布破产的美国太阳能公司,名为Suniva。这家公司在今年4月底宣布破产时,接受了一家名为SQN资本的公司的贷款援助。而作为贷款的条件之一是,让Suniva根据“201条款”,向美国国际贸易委员会(USITC)提出请愿,调查进口光伏电池和组件是否对美国本土光伏行业造成了严重损害。

据业内人士透露,指使Suniva提请“201调查”的SQN公司曾于今年5月3日给中国机电产品进出口商会发过一封邮件,并表示,曾向Suniva提供超过5100万美金的贷款用于购买设备,如果中国的光伏厂商愿意花5500万美元买走那些设备,那么公司就会撤销这起贸易诉讼。

现在,这场肇始于受到幕后指使的、一家美国已经破产的光伏公司的“201调查”,来到了最紧张的时刻。

“201调查”

美国当地时间8月15日7点30分,包括光伏企业代表、光伏行业协会代表、工会代表、以及媒体和政策机构代表等的100多人在位于美国华盛顿的ITC大楼外排起了长队。他们将要参加的是美国国际贸易委员会 (International Trade Commission, 简称“ITC”) 举行的“201条款”调查听证会。

“201条款”是美国政府对由于进口产品造成本国制造业损害的贸易保护条款。如果某个企业根据“201条款”,向ITC提出,其行业产品由于受进口增加而遭遇严重损害,ITC就需要对该产品的全部进口国进行全球保障措施调查,对损害情况进行裁定,并在120天(特殊情况为150天)内向总统提交报告和建议。美国总统则根据法律授权,在收到ITC报告后60天内做出最终裁决。

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