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互金协会:“虚拟货币”已成违法犯罪工具

2017-09-15 08:01:47   中国经济网

判决书指出,乐酷达公司在账户充值及交易出现异常时,未按中国人民银行等五部委发布《关于防范比特币风险的通知》的规定切实履行客户身份识别、可疑交易报告等法定反洗钱义务,即未核实身份就为账户充值,对账户的异常交易情况视而不见。除了洗钱,通过比特币平台诈骗的违法犯罪活动也有判例存在。2016年4月的一份刑事裁定书显示,刘刚、金海、黄立金结伙通过以虚假身份信息注册所谓的比特币交易运营公司、虚构公司股东结构、投资背景、股权认购、充值送股权等方式,骗取他人信任并在其开设的网站上进行比特币交易、对赌,在将客户的比特币变现占有后,伪造网站被黑客攻击的假象,关闭网站并逃匿,主观上非法占有他人财物的故意明显,依法应以诈骗罪论处。

  比特币中国月底停止所有交易

目前,国内OKCoin币行(占比22.5%)、比特币中国(占比19.7%)和火币网(占比18.2%)三个交易平台的交易量最大,三者合计占比达60%。其他众多“虚拟货币”交易所占据剩下40%的市场份额。

互金协会在9月13日的《提示》中指出,各类所谓“币”的交易平台在我国并无合法设立的依据。一位资深互联网金融律师向《每日经济新闻》记者表示,按照相关规定,交易所的设立应该要有地方金融办的批复,而我们现在看到的交易所的经营范围是没有金融办批复的。

日前,多家财经媒体报道,监管决定关闭中国境内“虚拟货币”的交易所,这涉及“OKCoin币行”“火币网”和“比特币中国”等为代表的所有“虚拟货币”与法币之间的交易所。

“比特币中国”是上述三家主流交易所中最先宣布关停交易的平台。“比特币中国”在公告中表示,根据9月4日下发的《中国人民银行中央网信办工业和信息化部 工商总局 银监会 证监会 保监会关于防范代币发行融资风险的公告》文件精神,秉承着防范投资风险,最大限度保障用户利益的原则,比特币中国团队经慎重讨论,决定比特币中国数字资产交易平台即日起停止新用户注册;2017年9月30日数字资产交易平台将停止所有交易业务。比特币中国的矿池(国池)等业务将不受此影响,继续正常运营。

火币网9月9日发布公告表示,监管机构并没有宣布比特币本身非法,也没有禁止用户和用户之间的点对点交易,持有的比特币仍然可以以点对点的方式进行交易变现。OKCoin币行此前也表示,如果相关监管消息属实,将停止目前的比特币对人民币的交易,转型为数字资产点对点交易的信息平台。

数字货币市场资深分析师肖磊向《每日经济新闻》记者表示,点对点交易的风险还是比较大的,因为牵扯到人民币的转账问题,信用保证很难,因此投资者和交易者面临比较大的信用风险;对于国家来说,这种点对点交易基本没法监控,可能会带来比较大的资金外流或非法交易的风险。

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