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让人民币再“飞一会儿”

2017-09-03 09:20:55   新华网

中国证券报:美元指数已跌破92,继续下行空间大吗?

谢亚轩:美元强势周期仍未结束,市场对于美联储缩表可能带来的影响准备不足。美元指数进一步下行的空间不大,甚至可能在未来一段时间出现反弹。

孟祥娟:年底前美元指数仍有下行空间。一方面,年底前美联储加息预期趋弱、欧元区退出宽松预期较强,货币政策的强弱分化意味着美元指数仍有下行压力。另一方面,从历史上的美元指数长周期变化来看,100是布雷顿森林体系崩溃之初美元指数的初始水平,美元指数接近或超过100的水平实际处于较高位置。美元指数年底前或跌至91附近。

赵巍华:今后一段时间,美元指数走势将主要取决于几方面:一是美国经济和通胀的运行态势;二是特朗普政府与其新政的前途;三是欧元区复苏进程的可持续性,欧洲央行何时开启货币政策正常化,欧元区的深层次矛盾在德国大选后能否进一步改善。这些问题都有一定不确定性,个人认为美元指数的下行空间有限。

张革:本轮美元走强的逻辑,核心因素在于美国经济复苏带来的美国与其他国家货币政策的明显分化。中期来看,美元或将继续维持弱势格局。其一,美国通胀数据的低迷表现一直是制约市场预期无法顺利向美联储靠拢的主要因素。目前尚未看到支撑通胀回暖的强劲动力。其二,“通俄门”调查利剑高悬、10月债务上限期限将至,短期内特朗普税改落地仍面临挑战。其三,欧美经济和货币政策分化的状况已开始收敛,欧元走强将持续给予美元压力。但考虑到美联储政策收紧仍在继续,秋季大概率开启缩表,年内加息窗口尚未关闭。同时,欧元上行给予美元的压力大小仍取决于欧央行政策边际收紧的程度,目前尚存未知。

断言趋势性升值尚早

中国证券报:近期人民币升值会否发展成趋势性升值?对年内人民币汇率走势有何判断?

谢亚轩:由于人民币汇率的双向波动尚处于比较初期的阶段,经济主体的汇率预期比较容易呈现单边的趋势,要么看持续升值,要么看持续贬值。因此,的确会存在升值预期的自我强化,推动人民币汇率进一步上升乃至“超调”。但如果未来美元指数出现较明显反弹,人民币仍可能重新出现弱势的局面。整体而言,年内人民币汇率仍将保持双向波动的态势。

孟祥娟:人民币升值或贬值预期是否会产生自我强化,关键在于资金外流压力是否有趋势性、结构性的变化。今年以来,资金外流压力出现结构性改善,做空人民币汇率的交易面临较大的市场风险。此背景下,考虑到海外市场的结构性变化利好人民币汇率,中间价等政策机制变化对汇率预期的引导方向也较明确,企业和家庭部门的结汇意愿有所回升、购汇意愿有所下降,人民币升值和国际收支改善之间形成正向反馈和强化效应。基于上述判断,我们自8月中旬起明确上调年底人民币兑美元汇率预期至6.5。

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