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联通混改试验 王晓初的新挑战

2017-08-22 13:26:20   中国经济网

2013年,工信部向三大运营商发放TD-LTE牌照,中国移动2014年开通了72万个基站,拼全力发展迅速抢占4G先机,这让联通在市场上更趋被动。

根据年报数据,中国联通的收入,从2013年的3037亿元,连续下降到2016年的2742亿元,净利润更是惊人地从2013年的103亿元,跳水到2016年的4.8亿元。

“冰冻三尺非一日之寒,中国联通从2014年上半年开始进入负增长时期……4G出来后,优势不复存在,中国联通犹豫了,最终造成艰难。”王晓初在业绩交流会上坦言。

据公开资料,王晓初到任联通后,调整公司战略,放弃了3G和4G同步发展,转而聚焦4G,并把资源向东部发达地区倾斜。

恰巧,王晓初到任后不久,央企重点领域混改迎来进展。

2016年9月28日,国家发改委副主任刘鹤召开专题会议,并指出推进混合所有制改革是深化国企改革的重要突破口。央企混改6+1试点浮出水面,联通位于首列。

随后,中国联通与互联网企业的合作升温。而2016年3月18日,在王晓初与马化腾的见证下,中国联通与腾讯签署战略协议。虽然几年前微信与联通曾推出“微信沃卡”等服务,但当时仅是微信与联通广东公司层面的合作。几个月后,腾讯王卡上市;2016年11月,联通与阿里巴巴签订战略合作框架协议。

2017年5月,中国联通分别设立了中国联通电子商务腾讯合作运营中心、中国联通电子商务阿里合作运营中心,分别对接腾讯、阿里的业务。

根据联通公告,2017年上半年,公司实现净利润为24.2亿元,同比增长68.9%。“经过努力,公司用户已经转正不再负增长,然后是收入转正,到了年底开始现金流转正,希望下一步利润转正。”王晓初此前在业绩说明会上说道。

根据8月21日联通混改公告,此次交易对价合计不超过779亿元,这意味着资金到账之后,公司资产负债率将下降到50%之下,与中国电信接近。

公告中同时写道:拟通过本次混改形成多元化董事会和经理层,让参与进来的非国有资本有话语权,拟以业绩为导向优化薪酬内部分配机制,打破平均主义“大锅饭”,拟加强经理层建设、探索市场化管理等。

根据公告,拟募投项目主要为4G能力提升、5G商用建设项目,“我们在5G时代绝对不会犯4G的错误。”王晓初曾如是表示。

强化红线意识

联通的混改方案,让国家行政学院教授王小广感到很欣喜。“对民间资本放开这么大的股权比例,这是个进展,未来,许多其他央企也可以这么做,步子可以再大一些。”他对时代周报记者说道。

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