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多省份上调煤电标杆电价 14家上市电企将获益近7亿

2017-08-04 10:17:09   中国经济网

“9号文”的主要精神就在于“放开两头,管住中间”。两头的发电企业和用户可以通过市场竞争的方式来决定电价,而中间的电网既然是自然垄断行业,就单给电网的输电定一个价格——这个价格就是按照“准许成本加合理收益”确定的输配电价。

发电企业属于放开的两头之一。在山西电改垄断中,山西当地几乎所有发电企业都被卷入,23家发电企业集团共同协商直供电交易价格,实施了直供电价格协议。

曾鸣认为,此次发改委依法治理山西电力市场,对克服电改阻力开了一个好头。这些企业被罚会促进电力市场健康发展,有助于让市场效益发挥出来,更加公平透明。

电企将在两难中前行

事实上,与去年发电企业盈利状况相比,今年由于煤炭价格大幅上涨,大部分煤电企业出现了亏损的情况。在电力改革的潮流下,煤电企业的市场化改革任重道远。

此次涉事主体既有大唐、国电、华能、华电4家央企发电集团山西公司,也有漳泽电力、格盟能源、晋能电力、西山煤电4家省属发电集团以及15家发电厂。其中漳泽电力和西山煤电都是上市公司。

8月3日下午,《每日经济新闻》记者拨打涉事企业之一的漳泽电力电话,相关工作人员表示发改委的处罚通知还未收到。

厦门大学中国能源政策研究院院长林伯强认为,火电企业合谋定价的主要原因是不想亏钱。目前电力市场存在过剩的现象,甚至交易越多亏损越多,这对火电企业来说是很“疼”的。但也不能因为煤炭涨价,就搞合谋定价。

在该案件中,企业的做法正好跟电改建立竞争市场的方向是相悖的。在竞争市场上,企业的趋利性是其勾结合谋的动力,要么抬高价格,要么压低价格。山西这些火电企业一直在参与直供,未来直供份额会越来越大,其“勾结”谋利的动力也会越来越大。这种情况下,监管部门如何及时制止和处罚显得非常关键。

长期研究电改的法律专家展曙光表示,国家发改委此次处罚表明了对规范电力市场的决心。他说,目前电力改革中出现了一些问题,比如这次发电企业之间的“抱团”,通过联合来操纵价格。此外,电改中还有售电公司不规范操作以及发售电公司联合等问题,这些行为严重影响市场的公平性。借由此次处罚,发改委传达了维护电力市场公平的信号,以重拳维护电力市场秩序,促进电力市场的规范化发展,有利于电改的有序推进。

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