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七千万,垄断电价吃罚单(经济聚焦)

2017-08-04 04:34:14   中国青年网

制图:沈亦伶

8月3日,全国首例直供电价格垄断协议案“靴子”落地。国家发展改革委对外发布有关山西省电力行业协会组织23家企业达成并实施直供电价格垄断协议的处罚决定——对达成垄断协议发挥组织作用的山西省电力行业协会从重顶格罚款50万元,对包括6家央企在内的23家涉案电力企业合计罚款7288万元。

历时568天,其间协会企业对行政处罚提出异议

2016年1月14日下午,山西省电力行业协会召集大唐、国电、华能、华电4家央企发电集团山西公司,漳泽电力、格盟能源、晋能电力、西山煤电4家省属发电集团,以及15家发电厂,在太原市西山酒店召开了一场热闹的“大用户直供电座谈会”,座谈会期间签署通过了《山西省火电企业防止恶意竞争 保障行业健康可持续发展公约》。

《公约》第五条规定:“根据市场情况,各大发电集团及发电企业,按照成本加微利的原则,测算大用户最低交易报价。由省电力行业协会加权平均后公布执行。”根据该条款,会议期间当事人与具有竞争关系的发电企业达成了山西省2016年第二批直供电最低交易报价让利幅度,即与标杆电价相比,让利幅度不高于0.02元/千瓦时。在山西省2016年第二批直供电交易中,涉案企业按照约定的让利幅度签订了直供电交易合同,实施了这一直供电价格垄断协议,交易平均价格为0.3元/千瓦时。

然而,在山西省电力行业协会接到《行政处罚事先告知书》后,案件出现了波折。山西省电力行业协会及华电山西能源有限公司、大唐电力集团公司山西分公司等18家企业对拟作出的行政处罚存在异议,并提出听证申请。协会和企业以《反垄断法》不适用于电力市场以及经济不景气等理由进行申辩,并提出电力体制改革应该允许“试错”。

属于横向垄断,申辩理由无法改变违法事实

协会和企业的申辩有理吗?

“处罚正确,山西省电力行业协会的抗辩理由并不成立。”国务院反垄断委员会专家咨询组成员、对外经济贸易大学竞争法中心主任黄勇站在专业角度分析。

是不是垄断行为?黄勇表示,垄断协议既可以表现为书面协议,也可以是竞争者之间通过意思联络后实施的协同行为,无论本案涉及的公约是否签署、是否正式印发,固定价格的意思表示已经形成,特别是涉案企业已经按照约定价格进行交易,从结果本身来看,它确实达到了价格固定的目的,排除、限制了市场竞争,已明显违反《反垄断法》的规定,属于横向垄断协议。

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