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分享经济是个啥?这一系列报道给说明白了

2017-07-13 18:18:04   中国经济网

中国社会科学院工业经济研究所研究员李晓华表示,从市场上看,共享单车确实存在大量进入的状态,但是否过度还要靠市场来检验。“任何技术、产品、商业模式的成功都不是事先判定的,共享单车是中国独创,不像滴滴之前有Uber可以模仿。”

“面对一窝蜂而上的共享单车,必须警惕市场上出现的‘羊群效应’,这其实增加了整个社会成本。”中央财经大学金融法研究所所长黄震教授认为,租赁,商家肯定赚不到钱,他们看中的是使用者的押金和预付款,实际上是一种资本运作,但这样的分享经济肯定不可持续,甚至会带来严重的社会问题。

监管不能无法可依

在分享经济风起云涌的当下,分享经济的监管和规范也变得格外重要。在今年的《政府工作报告》中也强调,2017年政府要“支持和引导分享经济发展,提高社会资源利用效率,便利人民群众生活。”然而,面临分享经济发展中存在的一些问题又该如何解决呢?

对此,朱巍表示,首先要立法解决,因为光靠自律是不管用的,同时在执行过程中要考虑到分享经济的发展方向。比如,互联网直播也是知识分享,不能一竿子打死,要规范地发展,在发展中规范,这很重要。可行动方式是,在试用了一段时间后,大家有了一定的实践体验之后再立法。

其次,要与国家行政机关的简政放权密切联系起来。朱巍解释称,分享经济如果发展起来,实际上“损害”的是既有利益集团的利益,所以政府也在强调“放管服”相关政策要在简政放权的大环境下配合分享经济发展。同时,“双创”也是符合分享经济发展大潮的,每个人都可以做老板、每个人可以既做商家同时也是用户,整个分享经济就是一盘大棋。

最后,要做到有法可依、执法必严、违法必究。目前,国家出台了不少与分享经济相关的法律法规,比如各地都出台了网约车新政,实际都是在主体上鼓励和规范分享经济发展,包括共享单车。据了解,现在深圳、上海、南京等城市,都已经出台了相关的法则和新规,实行属地管理,体现了分享经济的发展方向,进而逐步由无序慢慢转向有序,由无法可依变成有法可依。

朱巍表示,分享经济是一个体系,整个过程都是环环相扣的,缺少哪一环都不行。“现在这一环可能发展到了立法层面,等法治健全了,可能就到了素质层面,包括教育、宣传、案例,也包括示范法。示范法不是一种法律,但是民间和自律组织作出这种示范法,就是让包括企业、政府、用户在内的各方都能知晓边界在哪里,让各方都有一个底线意识。”朱巍说,技术发展到现在,工业4.0时代刚刚打开一个门、一扇窗户,像人脸识别技术、大数据,包括信用体系在目前还没有完全建立,所以分享经济会出现问题,未来相关体系都建立好了,可能分享经济的问题就不存在了。(经济日报·中国经济网记者 吉蕾蕾)

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