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一月内两家企业相继倒闭 共享单车迎“洗牌期”?

2017-07-12 17:43:55   新华社

新华社北京7月12日电 题:一月内两家企业相继倒闭,用户体验出现反转--共享单车迎来“洗牌期”?

新华社“新华视点”记者 袁慧晶、吴书光、赵小帅

6月的短短十天内,运营不足半年的两家共享企业——悟空单车和3Vbike相继宣布退出市场。与此同时,公众对于共享单车的良好体验开始出现明显反转:押金风险、乱停占道、街头废钢、骑行安全等问题频频被曝光。

据上海市自行车行业协会统计,全国共享单车的投放总量已接近1500万辆。这个被视为巨大“风口”的市场,是否正迎来“洗牌期”?

市场冰火两重天,企业倒闭与“融资潮”齐现

悟空单车创始人雷厚义透露,此次共亏损近300万元。资金的匮乏,让悟空单车在选择合作方时“捉襟见肘”,只能选择小厂商,其后果就是,“因为生产线不成熟,导致有些单车的脚踏板都掉了”。

而3Vbike的倒闭则是因为丢车。创始人巫盛华坦言,这与公司在单车防盗及定位系统等软件方面的投入不足有关。“因为加上这些软件,一辆单车的成本几乎翻倍,这让我们难以承受。”

形成鲜明对比的是,在悟空单车和3Vbike因为资金缺口被迫停止运营的同时,还有单车企业迎来了“融资潮”。其中,行业巨头之一的摩拜单车获得高达6亿美元的融资,OFO也获得超7亿美元融资;永安行、小蓝单车、优拜单车等也不同程度地获得了A轮甚至A+轮融资。

在资本的推动下,全国共享单车的投放数量正持续增加。据上海市自行车行业协会统计,如果将国内各大共享单车平台公报数据相加,全国共享单车投放总量已接近1500万辆,其中,摩拜和OFO两家占比近八成。

交通部科学研究院城市交通研究中心副研究员尹志芳称,截至5月底,国内共享单车(电单车)企业已超过50家。从去年11月开始,半年多共享单车的数量扩大了50倍。

用户体验“反转”下的市场隐忧

在最早推广共享单车的一线城市街头,重现了多年前“自行车王国”的骑行盛景。不过,不少用户的体验却开始反转,押金风险、违规占道、街头废钢、骑行安全等隐忧逐渐浮现、放大。

--巨额押金安全依然是关注焦点。虽然一些共享单车以“信用模式”取代了“押金模式”,但在行业内,“押金模式”仍占主流。有业内人士算了一笔账,摩拜和OFO均宣称注册用户过亿,摩拜单车押金299元,OFO的押金99元,但近期已涨至199元。照此估算,仅两家企业就收取押金约400亿元。

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