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煤化工行业转型升级:引进技术 产业链加快延伸

2017-06-20 16:55:56   

作为钢铁行业的上游产业,煤及焦化产业与钢铁行业一直唇齿相依。但随着近年来国际能源价格疲软、国家产业政策的调整,尤其在国家推动钢铁行业去产能背景下,传统焦化企业纷纷出现减产、关停、转产。“几年间,七台河市大大小小二十几家焦化企业,锐减为了四五家。”七台河市工信委主任耿宝忠告诉记者。

2002年,在冶金焦行情正劲时期,隆鹏公司从一座38万吨/年小焦炉炼焦开始,逐渐发展成为集煤矿、洗选、炼焦业务为一体的当地著名民营企业,并新建了100万吨/年焦炉一座。

然而,市场并非一帆风顺,从2010年起,随着钢铁行业去产能政策的推进,严重依赖钢铁行业的传统焦化产业受到冲击,焦化产品价格走向低迷。“公司被迫降低装置负荷,企业收入骤减,亏损面逐渐加大,企业陷入了经营困局。”陆丙清坦言。

事实上,受国际油价下滑的影响,全国诸多煤化工项目亏损严重。数据显示,2014年中国煤化工行业包括煤制甲醇、合成氨、燃料油装置能力约在1亿吨以上,但开工率不足70%。2015年,焦化行业经济运行总体形势呈现出市场供需矛盾更加突出、产品产量和价格持续下跌、经营效益下滑明显加重的局面。

记者了解到,2015年,全国出口焦炭平均价格从2011年的451.83美元/吨,下降到2015年11月份的161.10美元/吨,焦化行业规模以上企业实现利润由2011年的178.77亿元,下降到2015年1月至10月份的亏损99.45亿元,企业亏损面达56%。独立焦化企业经营效益正在持续分化,资金紧张的状况呈现进一步恶化趋势。

2016年,整个煤化工行业仍然弥漫着一层阴云。受国家钢铁、煤炭行业去产能影响,行业整体形势持续低迷,钢铁企业大幅调减生产负荷,使得焦化等煤化工行业生产经营困难重重,直接面临市场需求减弱、产能过剩、资金流动紧张、资产负债率居高不下以及企业效益与社会效益难以兼顾等问题。

在此形势下,单一的炼焦与传统煤化工企业已逐步失去市场竞争力,转型升级、延伸产业链的需求十分迫切。如何使煤炭资源的利用价值实现最大化,成为煤化工行业及企业生产经营者面临的严峻挑战。

多方引进资金和技术——

煤炭产业链加快延伸

传统焦化企业一个命门就是产品结构单一,对钢铁行业过度依赖。以隆鹏公司为例,与其他传统焦化企业一样,其主要产品是二级冶金焦炭、焦油、粗苯和焦炉煤气等传统焦化产品。

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