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翻拍日本IP为何“水土不服”
2017-09-06 10:45:41 中国经济网
有形无神,翻拍生搬硬套惹尴尬
尽管眼下改编自日本IP的影视剧层出不穷,但反响大多不尽如人意。国产电视剧《深夜食堂》自今夏播出以来,遭遇几乎一边倒的差评。剧中黄磊饰演的店主穿着日式服装,在小居酒屋中一口一句“料理”地招待中国吃客,让观众直呼如此生搬硬套“太尴尬”。同样遭遇口碑“滑铁卢”的还有电影《麻烦家族》,虽然有李立群等“老戏骨”撑起演技,无奈在角色设置、对白乃至每一个笑点上,都跟山田洋次的原版几乎分毫不差,让观众不禁吐槽“不是翻拍,是翻译”。此外,《在世界中心呼唤爱》《问题餐厅》等剧集同样表现平平。
武汉大学博士后、青年学者朴婕曾在日本访学一年,“我觉得一个误区在于,片方买进IP时只关注其在中国的影响力,却忽略了原作独特的文化语境。”举例说,像《孤独美食家》《深夜食堂》等日剧,都是以日本上班族常常一个人吃饭的社会现象为底色,再衍生出的温情故事。脱离了这一底色,所谓“温情”也成了无本之木,这正是中国版《深夜食堂》难以打动观众的原因之一。而在东野圭吾的小说中,日本的社会问题、沟通习惯是情节合理推进的基础,改编的难度更是可以想见。“如果不综合考虑文化因素,将原作直接照搬过来,效果肯定是别扭的。”
除了文化差异带来的移植难度,不同的影视制作生态,也是日本IP进行中国再加工容易“水土不服”的原因。朴婕告诉记者,日本电视剧主要由电视台制作,很容易根据观众作出整体规划,一般一季在10集上下,剧集节奏也有对应起承转合的“套路”;而中国连续剧不到30集很难收回成本,产业结构、制作方式、剧情节奏也都截然不同。倘若买下日本IP,然后粗糙地对接国内的制作方式,势必会产生诸多问题。
说到底,好的改编既能兼顾对原著的还原,也能平衡观众的审美习惯,需要费心费时地对剧本细细打磨,偷不得一点懒。经典如黑泽明改编自莎士比亚戏剧的电影 《乱》,通俗如脱胎于日本动漫的中国台湾偶像剧 《恶作剧之吻》,都是IP跨文化传播的成功案例。对于眼下扎堆日本IP的中国片方来说,如果只是怀着“蹭热点”“捡现成”的心态,对原著依样画葫芦还想赚一笔快钱,恐怕最终要失望而归了。
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