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“落霞”是什么“蛾子”
2017-09-01 08:36:15 中国青年网
鲁迅在《马上支日记》里讲了两则新奇考辨的故事,其一出自日本人佐佐木照山一篇关于《穆天子传》的文章。鲁迅说:“记得先前在日本东京时,看见《读卖新闻》上逐日登载着一种大著作,其中有黄帝即亚伯拉罕的考据。大意是日本称油为‘阿蒲拉’,油的颜色大概是黄的,所以‘亚伯拉’就是‘黄’。至于‘帝’,是与‘罕’形近,还是与‘可汗’音近呢,我现在可记不真确了,总之:阿伯拉罕即油帝,油帝就是黄帝而已。”
转眼百年,还有很多人在做佐佐木式的考证,微信朋友圈还有很多人趋之若鹜,因为闻所未闻而心生钦佩,不知他们看了周一良在《日本推理小说和清朝考据之学》中讲的一桩考据公案后,是否会幡然醒悟。
日本史书记载,镰仓幕府创建者源赖朝的异母弟源义经屡立战功,遭到源赖朝妒忌,出奔割据本州北部的藤原氏。源赖朝派兵征讨,源义经战死。大概这源义经像项羽,虽败而民间同情,于是成为戏曲小说中的英雄,乃至有传说他没有战死,而是逃到了北海道虾夷人的地界。后有文人编书,说他由北海道到了库页岛再到中国东北,子孙成为金国将军。再后来,有人考证源义经就是成吉思汗。推理小说家高木杉光据此写了一部小说《成吉思汗的秘密》,大展神通地推断道:成吉思汗的父亲叫“也速该”,正是日语的“虾夷海”。成吉思汗名叫铁木真,是日语中的“天神”,是日本人对源义经的尊称。成吉思汗四个汉字,按日语读法分解为“吉成,思水干”。“吉”代表“吉野”,是源义经与爱妾诀别、发誓再见之地;“吉成”,意思是“吉野的誓言必将实现”;“水干”是艺伎的服装,代指爱妾,“思水干”是思念爱妾之意;最后,高木把“成吉思汗”四个字,用万叶假名方式读成“重温旧梦”。源义经就这么成了成吉思汗,堪称奇诡考据之集大成。
我这篇文章快写完,看到一条新闻:某大学教授多年研究得出结论:“法国人源于湖南”,具体是株洲。更早,湖南人还是德国人的祖先。
考据,是根据资料、逻辑来考核、证实和说明,不是凭胆儿肥脑洞大讲故事,争创千古奇闻。
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