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得名苏-57 T-50终成正果

2017-08-31 05:47:13   中国青年网

尽管如此,苏-57在隐身方面不尽如人意的地方也不少。进气道在设计时虽然考虑过应采用S形进气道,但到生产时并没有采用。两段式座舱盖的横梁无疑不利于隐身。一些需要采用锯齿状结构的地方,如起落架舱门,没有采用。尾喷口没有进行任何遮挡,长长地突出在外,红外特征明显。

在机动性和敏捷性方面,苏-57继承了苏式战斗机优秀气动品质,同时又有新的发展。苏-57采用的可动边条,既可起到类似于三翼面布局中的前翼作用,有利于提高飞机的抬头力矩,其附近产生的脱体涡有利于提高飞机升力,又可与翼身巧妙融合,避免像前翼那样有增大飞机雷达散射截面积的可能。

苏-57还采用了可增加其机动性和敏捷性的轴对称矢量发动机。苏-57高超的机动性和敏捷性在近两届莫斯科航展上都有充分展示,“眼镜蛇”“钟”机动、“落叶飘”“尾冲”等机动动作令人惊叹。

战斗机要实现超音速巡航除了要具备良好的气动布局,还要有大推力高推重比发动机。苏-57的发动机分两个阶段配备,第一阶段即现阶段装配117S发动机。该发动机使苏-57具备了一定的超音速巡航能力,超音速巡航速度达每小时1450公里,即1.18马赫。第二阶段装配正在研制的“产品30”发动机,单台最大推力10.9吨,最大加力推力18吨,且油耗更低,可让苏-57进行超音速稳定盘旋和1.5马赫超音速巡航。

苏-57还具备300~400米短距离起降能力。其机载电子系统、机载武器和其他性能也十分突出。装有有源相控阵火控雷达和红外激光雷达。有源相控阵火控雷达可同时采用空空和空地两种模式攻击多个目标,并可提供电子对抗能力。可挂的专用空空和空地武器,有一组近距、中距、远距和超远距空空导弹,还有反舰导弹、卫星制导炸弹等。其最大航程为5500公里,可进行空中受油。最大平飞速度超过2.0马赫,实用升限1.8万米。

总的来看,苏-57拥有隐身能力、高机动性和敏捷性、超声速巡航能力、短距起降能力,航程远、作战半径大,远距、超远距拦射能力、防区外精确打击能力强,可大范围机动作战,称其为第五代战斗机可谓实至名归。

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