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小升初、初升高,心理调适很重要

2017-08-31 04:55:40   中国青年网

【应该如何做】

对于青春期的孩子来说,自尊心是一把双刃剑。作为父母,如果还像小学那样,出了问题,对孩子只是一味的训斥,尤其是当着其他人的面,不允许孩子申辩。这样做,非但起不到教育他的效果,反而会引起他对你的排斥和反感。作为家长,首先不要在其他同学面前批评孩子,让孩子今后在同学面前缺少自信心。

家长要好好的引导,引导孩子认识到,衣着外貌是表面的,对于学生来说,外表注重的是整洁,我们追求个性,应该追求思想上的独特。特别是对于青春期的孩子,思想上的个性发展,远远要重于外表上的个性化。初一、高一这个转折点上,各种学习环境的变化,对于孩子来说都将是一种压力。在这个阶段,孩子应将关注点转移到学习上,而不是外表。

如果孩子对自己的外表确实特别在乎、特别的有要求,家长可以与孩子商量一些服从学校要求下的变通方式,如果是女生,可以建议夹个夹子,实现一些个性化的改变。

畏惧上学,

他一进教室就喘不过气

【案例】

新高一的孩子刚搞完军训,并开始新阶段的学习,王在唱(化名)却坐在了李卫晖的门诊室。他自从坐进新教室以来,出现的种种状况,让他自己着急,让家长更着急。“他坐进教室,注意力不能集中,记忆也不好。一坐在课堂里就觉得胸口很闷,呼吸不过来,经常莫名其妙就跑出教室。”李卫晖说,这个孩子的成绩已经在班上排第十名了,但他总觉得自己成绩不是很好,没有名列前茅,以至于发展到现在连教室的门都不能进,畏惧上学。

【专家分析】

经过心理评估,这个孩子有明显的焦虑和抑郁,已经影响到他的认知功能,比如注意力和记忆力,是有抑郁症伴焦虑症状。这种情况经常出现在要求完美的孩子身上,他们常常拿自己的弱项,与别人的强项去比,以致情绪波动,影响到自己的精神状态。对于他的症状,医生首先进行药物治疗,其次是进行心理引导治疗,帮助他发现自己的优点,改变他的认知。

【应该如何做】

进入初中和高中阶段的学习,他们将面对各种考试和排名。当孩子成绩下降的时候,家长要做的不是责备,而是鼓励。孩子成绩下降的时候,一般自己已经很伤心痛苦,甚至灰心了。作为家长,应该表示关切,鼓励他,帮助他树立信心,帮助他具体分析问题,解决问题。责备会疏远他与你的距离,以致今后出了问题,也不会再主动拿出来与父母协商。

孩子进入新初一和新高一,对于家长来说,最好的做法是高质量的陪伴,必须全面接受孩子不良的东西,及时发现孩子不良情绪的矛头。其次是和孩子一起多运动。运动是一种很好的能帮助孩子调整情绪的方法。一般的情况下,孩子不会主动诉说自己的情绪问题,而是说自己的认知方面的问题,比如说自己上课听不进,注意力不集中,睡眠不很好,或者是自己出现人际关系上的困难,这种情况下,建议家长带孩子看精神科门诊。

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