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“最初的中国”什么样?

2017-08-25 08:36:42   中国青年网

“其实,中原域外的很多酋邦或者早期国家形态,文明程度超乎想象。但我认为中原地区在中国文明形成过程中仍然居于中心地位。”陶寺遗址发掘者、中国社科院考古研究所研究员何努受访时说。

那么,早期国家是什么时期形成的呢?中国国家博物馆考古部副主任戴向明认为,从旧石器时代到新石器时代早期,人类社会经历了由“原始群”到“血亲家族”为基本社会单位的变化,呈现为小规模的流动性群体,尚未形成稳定村落,可称之为“游群”。新石器时代中期,不同村落或不同氏族之间,可能会形成类似部落或部落联盟那样的组织——“聚落群”;到了新石器时代晚期,出现了“超级聚落”与早期国家形态。

河南故事助力华夏文明传承

河南是中国考古学的发祥地。1921年,瑞典考古学家安特生和中国学者袁复礼等人对河南渑池县仰韶村遗址进行发掘,确立了中国考古学史上第一个考古学文化——仰韶文化。

“河南有一批重视考古、支持考古的领导和群众,以及一批热爱考古的专业人士,正是因为他们的支持,才使得河南的考古事业和文化事业得到蓬勃发展。”省文物局局长田凯表示,希望能充分发挥论坛的服务功能、学术功能和参谋功能,联手打造中国考古辉煌的明天。

“首届中国考古学大会去年在郑州举办,今年召开首届考古论坛,将会继续深化考古学的社会影响。郑州正在努力建设华夏历史文明传承创新核心区和全球华人的精神家园,这类活动将有效提升郑州文化的影响力,这对郑州建设国家中心城市的文化支撑意义重大。”郑州市文物局局长任伟说,希望通过论坛的举办,推动中原文化走出去,讲好河南故事,扩展和提升文化影响力,增强市民自豪感。③6

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