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“筷子”堆里雕出“艺术品”

2017-08-23 08:24:46   中国青年网

8座尾水调压室(井)开挖,遇到的最大难题,当数“柱状节理玄武岩特殊地质条件下的处理工艺”,以及“高应力条件下洞室群开挖和支护”。项目部总工程师周涛打了个通俗的比方:一大捆筷子被橡皮筋“约束”着,不会散落;但当你在这捆筷子里“掏洞”的时候,就像扯断了橡皮筋。另外,在深埋1000米的地底下开挖特大型工程,洞室群应力集中,极易变形、破碎、掉块、堋塌。

从2014年进场以来,项目部始终认真抓好工程施工,积极开展履约创优活动,进行科技攻关,安全质量齐头并进。副总经理黄岗及资深专家反复深入现场“把脉”、调研,在总结国内类似工程施工经验的基础上,提出了“先中导洞后两侧、分扇形条块、开挖区域逐步扩大、应力分期释放、对穿锚索支护跟进”的施工方案。

积极引进国内外先进技术,加速科技成果向现实生产力转化,提高施工质量和效率。在右岸尾水调压室竖井溜渣井施工中,采用3米大直径反井钻机一次成型施工技术;在尾调室穹顶喷射混凝土中运用纳米钢纤维混凝土技术。

项目部建立质量预警预控机制,根据现场试验和监测成果,及时采取有效对策,达到超前控制。此外,针对施工中的重点、难点,工程技术人员深入现场,了解动态,检查、监督、指导施工方案执行情况,将差错消灭在萌芽状态,确保了工程质量和施工安全。

地层深处“绿色施工”

白鹤滩工程地下洞室总长度217公里,“洞中开洞,室内套室”。施工中的“通风散烟”等问题,难度可想而知。

项目经理曾理说:“我们积极响应业主倡导的绿色环保理念,在整个施工区,第一家引入12台大功率能耗进口风机。洞内有进风、有出风,使空气加快循环。”在施工过程中,项目部采用LNG环保汽车、LED灯具替代节能灯等环保节能新技术,出碴运输车辆由烧柴油改用天然气,减少碳排放量,有效净化洞内空气;尾调施工首次引入“电动双梁吊垂直运输系统”;洞内开挖侧洞建有冲水式公厕,配有化粪池,定时清运;配置专责管理人员,确保职业健康工作的开展,主动控制危害因素、强制使用防护装备,定期组织职业健康体检,全面提升职业危害防控能力。

目前,尾水系统工程由开挖支护向混凝土施工逐步转序,拥有“大型复杂地下洞室工程施工”核心竞争力的水电十四局人正在用智慧和汗水续写辉煌,力争把白鹤滩水电站建设成世界一流精品工程。

本报记者 王永刚通讯员 赵江铭

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