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【焦点关注】今年养老金如何“涨”高?

2017-08-22 17:21:33   中国青年网

2005年~2015年,企业退休人员养老金增幅保持在10%,2016年涨幅为6.5%,2017年涨幅为5.5%。面对增幅的变化,很多职工不太理解。

余清泉告诉记者,此前10年主要是以前双轨制下企业单位退休养老金和机关事业单位退休养老金调整节奏不一致且相差较大,企业养老金需要“小步快跑”逐步缩小差距。随着长达10年的持续调整,差距逐步缩小,加上2015年以来机关事业单位养老金的全面改革,双轨制并轨,落实《社会保险法》规定的养老金正常调整机制具备了制度条件和现实条件。

人社部社会保障研究所所长金维刚此前在接受记者采访时表示,从国外经验看,建立养老保险制度的国家普遍建立了基本养老金的调整机制,对养老金水平定期调整,多数国家每年调一次,调整水平多与物价或工资指数挂钩,或综合考虑物价和工资增长状况,有的国家还兼顾人口结构变化等。

人社部新闻发言人卢爱红表示,确定5.5%左右的上调比例,是综合考虑中国经济发展新常态和人口老龄化新形势慎重做出的决策,统筹考虑了经济发展状况、职工工资水平、居民消费价格指数以及人口老龄化等多方面的因素后确定的调整幅度。

中国劳动学会副会长苏海南认为,5.5%的涨幅是与中国目前经济增速放缓相匹配的,与社保基金的支付能力相适应的,“基于可持续地安排退休人员养老金的合理增长,需要放缓养老金的增长幅度”。

金维刚等社保专家均表示,未来,我国将建立养老金合理调整机制。

差距怎样缩小?

——两类人群不同涨幅缩小相对差距

2017年是养老金并轨之后,企事业单位养老金同步调整的第2年。

2015年国务院终结养老金“双轨制”,从2016年开始,企业与机关事业单位退休人员实现同步调整。另一个值得注意的数据是,2016年全国企业退休人员月均养老金已经由10年前的几百元增加到2362元。但是,因为两类基本养老金的基数有所区别,因此,如何缩小两类人群的基本养老金水平相对差距是职工关心的重点问题。

记者梳理发现,广东、广西等近10个地区的企业和机关事业单位退休人员养老金调整实行统一标准,四川、山西等12个地区则实行差异调整。江苏省养老金方案显示,今年全省退休人员人均基本养老金调整幅度将超过6%,机关事业退休人员人均基本养老金调整幅度将控制在4.5%。虽然这两类人员调整比例均相对于去年下调了1个百分点,但是机关事业单位退休人员的下调比例大于企业退休人员,将进一步缩小两类人群的基本养老金水平相对差距。

卢爱红在人社部第一季度新闻发布会上曾表示,2017年养老金调整将注重企业与机关事业单位的平衡、地区间的平衡、机关事业单位养老保险制度改革前和改革后待遇调整办法的衔接。

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