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用汗水“留住每一滴水”

2017-08-22 07:23:14   中国青年网

这一研究成果大大地推动了干旱内陆区流域尺度水资源转化理论及其农业节水调控实践的发展,促进了生态脆弱区的流域水资源高效利用。

这一阶段,石羊河实验站研究团队也进入了收获期,由他们完成的“西北地区高效用水原理与技术研究及应用”成果、“干旱内陆河流域考虑生态的水资源配置理论与调控技术及其应用”成果分获2006年度和2013年度国家科技进步二等奖。

2013年以来,康绍忠团队开始系统研究、应用、推广水肥一体化技术,加快科研成果的转化。康绍忠介绍,这种节水、节肥、节药、节省土地的现代农业技术,非常适用于河西走廊等干旱地区绿色农业发展,将提高规模化生产能力,有效解决劳动力稀缺等问题。

在康绍忠看来,提高农业用水效率是一个长期的任务,也是一个永无止境的课题。只有建立起一套完整的科学体系,找到可控制的节水途径,才能实现“留住每一滴水”的目标。

与节水研究同样重要的是改变人们的用水观念。

今年,武威市凉州区金河镇王景寨村村民陆生一次性铺设了滴灌设备,应用膜下滴灌水肥一体化技术种植600余亩大田玉米,节水、节肥、省工效益明显。如今,在武威,越来越多的种植户和陆生一样,节水意识不断提高并愿意付诸实践。

“这些年通过康绍忠院士团队和武威当地的不断努力,最显著的变化是人们用水观念的转变和节水意识的提高。”武威市水利技术综合服务中心副主任、教授级高工韩万海多年来一直参与到相关节水研究和项目中,对此深有感触。

在石羊河实验站,还集合了武威市水务局、武威市水利科学研究所等部门和科研机构的力量。从2010年起,科研团队与武威市政府联合举办了10期“现代节水灌溉技术”培训与示范观摩活动,2000余人从中受益;2011年至2013年,连续3年举办“农民田间节水学校”和“农民开放日”活动,来自石羊河流域不同区域14个试点村的400余名农民代表观摩学习了节水技术。同时,来自实验站的年轻教师和研究生、本科生深入红崖山灌区、环河灌区等6个灌区的20个乡镇,开展节水技术宣讲,普及了适合在当地重点推广的膜下滴灌技术、温室大棚滴灌技术、隔沟交替灌溉技术和调亏灌溉技术等农业节水技术。

康绍忠说:“现在人们已经认识到节水是一个综合的技术体系,利用作物本身的生理功能和科学管理等一系列方法进一步提升农业用水的效率。有了这个‘思想’基础,节水农业的发展将有巨大潜力。”

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