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别成为梁先生笔下的“猴子”

2017-08-16 08:33:33   中国青年网

“情急之人何以异于猴子耶?”这话说得真好。其实我们在现实中之所以手忙脚乱不得要领,往往就在于“情急”,在于浮躁,在于太功利、急于求成,不知道人生之所以能成事,不在于汲汲于事,而在于锤炼自家身心也。孔子曰:“工欲善其事必先利其器”,这个“器”,就是我们做事的本体——自家的身心。自家之心情一旦急于求成,就是“情急”,人一情急,便非常像猴子,一切举止,看似直奔目标,如猴子之紧盯花生米,反而失却正确途径,欲速则不达。

梁先生孜孜不倦坚持朝会,并且发表“朝话”,就是要给那些追随他的年轻人一些正当的智慧,解人生之惑。梁先生说:“学问贵能得要”,而人生最大学问,乃在于如何处理自家生命与社会生活的关系。本书第九篇的题目即是 《如何才能得到痛快的合理的生活》。关于如何才会痛快,搞哲学的梁先生却并不凌空蹈虚,只是说自己两个体会:一是给别人有所牺牲的时候心里最痛快;二是劳动的时候心里最痛快。《生命的歧途》则对一个学生日记中的一段话予以分析批评,指出:“对于什么事情无亲切意思,无浓厚兴趣,则这件事一定干不下去。”

梁漱溟先生一生担当极大,责任感极强,勉力发起乡村建设运动,热心研究人生问题和社会问题,是现代新儒家的早期代表人物之一,有“中国最后一位大儒家”之称。说他是儒家,因为他觉得只有儒家才是把自家生命和社会生活融为一体并以此提升生命境界的学派。《言志》一篇,他直言:“我愿终身为民族社会尽力;并愿使自己成为社会所永久信赖的一个人。”“我是对中国前途充满了希望,绝对乐观的一个人,我胸中所有的是勇气,是自信,是兴趣,是热情。”

我觉得这样的人,才可以教人,这样的人教我们的,也是值得信赖的,是让我们向上的。看他的那张标志性照片,何等孤傲倔强,傲视众生,真是“望之俨然”。但这本书里的他,则给了我们另外的印象:“即之也温”。和蔼温煦,诲人不倦,甚至有些絮絮叨叨,显示的是他对年轻人的关爱,对国家的关心。他是严格的,看不得我们懈怠,这又是“听其言也厉”。这样的学人、儒者,来自于深厚的中国文化传统的“三变”君子,我们不希望他是最后一个,因为,这种人若绝了种,则一国之人,真可能成为一群猴子。

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