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“励志”式锻炼并不适合所有人

2017-08-14 15:58:39   中国青年网

他介绍,老年人在患病之后,身体的平衡能力、耐力、心肺功能、肌肉力量都会下降,这就导致他们运动能力会受到影响。他们发现,老人如果运动少的话,做再多的康复训练都无济于事。所以,老年人必须主动地去运动。

为了个性化地面对老人身体机能的下降,延续老人的生活自理能力,这个训练中心应运而生。“这个中心不是为了老人来了变得更瘦更美,而是为了让老人健康地生活。”余传寿介绍,老年人的主动运动要有科学依据,要带着康复的目的去锻炼。他们制订了一套科学的管理流程,对老人进行评估,制订相应的运动康复计划,并由康复师进行训练指导,同时还有专人会对运动效果进行督导。

“老年人的身体素质和正常人差的不是一星半点。”他说,老年人容易摔倒,大多因为老人腿部肌肉力量不足。训练中心开设的一系列课程,主要目标就是提升老年人的体能,提高他们的平衡能力、耐力,乃至心肺能力。记者看到,训练中心的正中悬挂着十几条TRX训练绳,老年人可以利用训练绳进行全身的锻炼。“许多老年人刚开始做时胳膊抬不起来,练一段时间之后,他们可以做到伸展位,进步是很明显的。”

体能提高了,带来的则是生活质量的改观。“比如有的老人以前站不稳,经过训练后能站稳了,上公交车心里更有底了。有的老人爬楼总感觉累得慌,经过体能训练之后也能得到改善。”

登山其实不适合老年人

对于大部分老人而言,“遛弯”是最常见的运动方式。但是,遛弯并不能起到健身锻炼的效果。

邓鑫介绍,对有遛弯习惯的老人来说,每天都是遛同样的距离,肌肉是不会有变化的,原来的问题自然就不会得到多大改善。

康复治疗师姜韬介绍,对于老年人来说,登山也是不建议的。他说,登山对下身的压力较大,尤其下山时会更费力,如果非要去登山,建议使用登山杖,减轻腿部的承受能力。不过,一般还是不建议老年人登山。

姜韬说,老年人在锻炼中比较常见的风险就是软组织的损伤,肌肉的拉伤以及骨折。另外,太过剧烈的运动还会造成心肺超负荷运转,对于有心脑血管病的老人来说危险性很大。

如果老人出现运动损伤,首先要做到防止二次伤害,紧急处理应遵循PRICE原则,即:保护(Protection)、休息(Rest)、冰敷(Ice)、压迫(Compression)、抬高(Elevation)。紧急处理后如未得到缓解,就要及时寻求专业康复机构的帮助。

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