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穿越三大沙漠、500公里无人区 沙漠天路这样筑就

2017-08-14 09:48:17   中国青年网

沙,本是建设者的敌人,但靠着现代建筑技术,化敌为友有了可能。在风积沙路段,建设者就地取材,以沙为原料筑造路基,使建设成本大为降低。

稀疏松散的沙子怎能成为坚实的路基呢?“水沉法。”黄西民揭秘道,先将沙堆砌起来,表面摊平,随后像种菜似的打上格子,在格子里注入一定量的水,让水慢慢渗入沙层。待沙子们“吃饱喝足”,能抱起团、又不渗出水,达到“自然密实”状态后,再利用平地机、压路机平整夯实。如此,路基便建好了,“说起来简单,做起来难。所有工序都得分头做试验,找到沙水最佳配比,确保符合规范标准”。

水:珍惜节用

从外界远运水,吨成本高达近百元,为此采取了焖料法等节水工艺

茫茫大漠,最缺的是水。

“这里的干旱难以想象。以前预想有水的地方,却怎么也打不出水。找水成为施工第一难!”七分部进场之初,接连打了10多口井,打到200多米深都不见水影。最后只有一口出水,结果酸碱值超标,苦咸难咽,人根本没法喝。

这样一来,远运成了无奈的选择——各分部要分别从额济纳、酒泉、嘉峪关等地拉运自来水、采购纯净水,行程最远260公里。以十分部为例,离驻地最近的水源在75公里开外,拉水车经施工便道走一个来回就需10多个小时,算上油费,吨水成本竟高达近百元。

如此金贵的水,必须省着用。

按传统方式铺路基,直接从取料场取土铺到路基上撒些水,再碾压就可以了,十分耗水。在沙漠里,项目人员想出“焖料”的主意:在取料场把土挖出几条沟,头天晚上把水放进沟里,让其充分渗透进土壤,第二天再用挖掘机取土,上路之后快速碾压、避免蒸发,用水量可节约三成。

日子一天天好了起来。在临白段建管办的推动下,全长达447公里的供水工程于2015年9月实现全线供水,干净的地下水终于能从绿洲之地输送到大漠深处了。

沙漠筑路,缺的又岂止是水。最初,电、通讯等生活配套可谓样样皆无。没有电,就自己发电,施工干到哪里,发电机就带到哪里;没信号,就自己申请建设,几个分部各投资约40万元,耗时数月在戈壁深处建立了通讯基站,终于告别了对讲机,解决了“失联”问题。

人:突破自我

速战速决,给大家以明确的心理预期;勠力同心,在沙漠里创造神奇速度

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