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适应新常态 培育陕西经济发展新动能

2017-08-11 09:39:34   中国青年网

第三,发挥主导产业的引领力和辐射力。 陕西在能源、军工和装备制造等产业具有较强竞争力,这些产业技术先进、规模效应明显、产业关联度强,对其他产业和整个区域经济发展有较强带动作用。陕西要围绕现有产业链布局创新链、围绕创新链培育产业链,加快构建有竞争力的现代产业体系。一是提升能源化工产业。推进“三个转化”,加快煤油共炼、煤炭分质利用等新型技术示范和高端精细化工产品研发,提高资源综合利用水平。二是做强装备制造产业。全面落实中国制造2025陕西行动计划,加快形成汽车、航空装备、高档数控机床等产业集群。三是壮大战略性新兴产业。抓好核心技术突破,打造科技人才高地,提升新一代信息技术、新材料、生物技术等产业。四是发挥高新技术产业开发区辐射带动作用。将技术平台作为产业发展的核心,构建科研与产业协同发展的产业生态,打造具有带动效应的新型产业集群。

第四,通过新型城镇化释放经济增长新动能。 在人口老龄化背景下,居民城乡流动带来的就业转换及人口红利必然有所减弱。未来的城镇化将更多体现以人为本的内涵式发展,随着人口的集聚及对公共服务的需求增加,投资和消费需求也都会得到拉动,城市经济蕴含的集聚、分工和规模效率,仍会对经济增长释放出较大推动力,即“新人口红利”。推动城乡一体、产业互动、节约集约的新型城镇化。首先,各地必须遏制“摊大饼”式的城镇空间扩张,控制新增建设用地规模,实现节约集约用地;其次,加大住宅用地及公共基础设施供给;再次,立足“大西安”规划和关中城市群建设的总体框架,推动各地市构建符合本地比较优势的现代产业体系,推进产城融合发展,增强人口城乡流动和资源优化配置的自发动力。

第五,在统筹区域发展过程中实现整体经济增长。 陕西三大区域的区位特征、发展阶段和产业优势各有不同,各区域板块内部的发展状况也有较大差异。现阶段统筹区域发展的策略将更为重要,构成了增进资源配置效率、带动经济增长的关键一环。随着更多的生产要素被配置到边际收益更高的地区,整体经济将获得“新结构红利”。要深入推进脱贫攻坚,发展特色产业,实施生态扶贫,改善贫困地区生产生活条件,增强贫困地区和贫困群众自我发展能力,深入实施陕甘宁、川陕革命老区振兴计划。进一步有效提升县域活力,重视县域产业集聚发展和结构升级,重视城镇布局规划,提升人口吸引力和容纳力。同时,统筹区域发展要深度融入国家战略规划,构筑“一带一路”核心区、高水平自贸试验区和区域特色发展引领区等区域增长极,突出发展高地和区域中心城市的引领辐射带动作用。

第六,借助政府管理服务创新增强经济活力。 一般来说,政府主导的经济发展模式容易对投资扩张形成依赖,当前的结构性矛盾和创新动力不足均与此存在关联。旨在推动经济平稳、高质量增长的供给侧改革,必须首先着眼于体制转型和政府职能转变,调整政府主导的发展路径。一是推进简政放权,简化取消过多的行政审批,理清部门间重复交叠的管辖审批权,适当下放行政权限,扩大县一级自主权。二是在要素市场上构建“有限政府”,统筹推进商事、投融资、财税、金融、产权等改革,健全主要由市场决定价格的机制,高效监管、放管结合。三是打造服务型政府,提高对居民服务的效能和质量,营造市场活动的便利环境,为企业提质增效提供外部条件。

(作者分别系西安交通大学经济与金融学院院长、教授,经济与金融学院讲师)

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