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顾云昌:共有产权能抑制房价上涨的说法有失偏颇

2017-08-11 07:50:32   中国经济网

顾云昌:我们不要把立足点放在房价上,共有产权的出台是为了抑制房价上涨的说法本身是有失偏颇的,从长效机制来看,共有产权的目的是为了构建一个完备的、全覆盖的、公平合理的住房供应体制,真正实现“住有所居”。其实,影响房价的归根结底是供求总量和供求关系,如果共有产权房的供应量很大,商品房房价才会受影响。

实际上,共有产权房和租赁住房都是供给体制的改革,是建立长效机制的组成部分,这样来看,就能和现在市场政策联合在一起了。房地产调控的首要目的是解决住有所居,第二个是房地产市场健康发展,这个时候才能谈房价的问题。

NBD:房地产市场发展到什么程度才算是健康发展?

顾云昌:房地产市场是否健康发展,主要看供求总量是否平衡,第二供需结构是不是合理,第三房价是不是基本平稳。

●楼市变局:2018年房地产市场或将下行

NBD:调控之后,您对房地产市场有怎样的判断?

顾云昌:上半年房价趋于平稳状态,增长幅度放缓,这跟房地产差异化调控政策紧密相关,全国区域调控存在差异的根本原因是,土地资源的错配。因城施策,针对区域性楼市制定切实可行举措,避免一刀切。

楼市是有周期性表现的,2016年楼市发展到顶峰,2017年房地产整个销售情况和房价开始出现下行趋势,因为调控政策之后,观望者更多,房价增幅缓慢,甚至出现环比下降,所以整个2018年我是不看好的,楼市将继续下行,并处于低迷状态。

所谓下行就是房价增幅下降,甚至需求量会出现绝对的下降。一、二线楼市先下行,三、四线楼市下行时段会来的晚一点。按照房地产市场大概3年一个小周期的说法,上升阶段是一年半到两年,下行阶段是一年到两年。

NBD:随着购租并举以及共有产权房出台,业界有说房产税也快了,对于房产税这块您怎么看?

顾云昌:准确的说应该叫房地产税,税收改革一定要进行,虽然很多人反对,现在的问题是即便持有100套也不交税,那么政府财政的资金从哪来?实际上,更多的是从土地出让金那里获得。对于持有的不交易房子的持有税,这是许多国家的做法,占有社会资源就需要交税。不交税导致炒房者进入,再加上房价上涨过快,大量的利益出现。所以,为了抑制炒房客,我们应该征收房地产税。

NBD:目前中国楼市有泡沫吗,如何警惕灰犀牛式风险?

顾云昌:许多国家都出现过房地产泡沫,而且都出现过破灭,所以这就是灰犀牛。日本金融危机和房地产泡沫联系在一起,美国的金融危机也是房地产泡沫破裂。

中国为什么将金融风险放在第一位,就是因为中国的房地产已经在大城市沉淀了泡沫,如果任其发展下去,一旦破灭就可能导致金融危机的出现,我们要预防。

由于中国土地市场的特殊性,楼市泡沫实际上也是地价泡沫的主要表现,因为我们的土地市场是政府控制的,所以房价中所含的地价比重不断升高,自然会催生楼市泡沫。但现在我们还在城镇化建设当中,我们尚不会存在灰犀牛事件,我们的需求依然很旺盛。

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