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消费级基因检测大降价 专家:部分项目不靠谱

2017-09-26 08:06:55   中国网

尽管目前一部分基因突变与乳腺癌、强直性脊柱炎、酒精耐受度等疾病发生的关联性已经得到很多科学研究认证,但陈科称这只是人类对于基因密码的认知中很小的一部分。

陈科对此解释称,比如报告里称,因为家族中有人曾有恶性肿瘤患者,那么下一代人里面患有该肿瘤的几率要比普通人高两倍,甚至十倍。“但是报告里没有体现的是,这种几率本质上只是关联,也就是说可能发生也可能不发生”,陈科说,事实上,在所有的肿瘤患者群体里,真正因为家族遗传患病的概率,只占到整个群体的5%不到。

业内:相关政策仍属空白,市场竞争越发激烈

值得注意的是,经历过两三年的发展,不少业内较为知名的消费级基因检测公司均已在其报告最下方,贴有备注“基因检测的局限性”,称该检测无法覆盖所有位点、该结果不能用于临床诊断、基因只是影响性状的一部分因素等提示。

对此,陈钢告诉澎湃新闻,将检测到的结果准确无误地传递给消费者,是他们一直在考虑的事情,“比如一些基因突变,当前确实已有相关研究解释其与一些症状相关,但是我们也希望消费者知道,这并不是代表他(她)一定会出现上述研究中的症状,比如对某药物的不良反应等。”

事实上,我国仅对临床上基因检测应用范围进行严格规范,主要涉及生殖生育,包括无创产前筛查和胚胎植入前遗传学诊断PGS/PGD、遗传病筛查、肿瘤基因检测等。

而对于基因检测消费市场,政策规定仍处于空白,特别是消费与临床的界线如何界定,并不明了。

例如,23 and me公司曾因向消费者提供健康诊断相关信息而一度被美国食品药品监管局FDA叫停,而将其归于医疗设备类别,需要获得FDA的批准才能上市。

直到今年4月6日,FDA才批准23 and me公司向用户提供10项疾病(包括帕金森、迟发性阿尔兹海默症等)遗传风险报告。

值得注意的是,作为全球最大基因组研究中心,我国基因检测行业“龙头”华大基因的主要业务——提供基因组学类的诊断和研究服务,事实上与消费级基因检测并无关系。

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