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微博深陷用户协议之争 你发的微博版权归新浪?

2017-09-18 07:26:41   中国经济网

从新版的微博用户协议可以看出,用户在微博上发布的原创内容,用户对自己的原创内容毫无争议地拥有著作权或版权。用户对于自己具有完全权利的内容,自然也可以根据自己的意愿发布到其他平台。但问题的关键还是“用户发布在微博上的内容为什么需要用户和微博平台共同同意,其他第三方才能抓取?”对于这一条款,不少用户感到困惑。

对此,微博管理员回应称,“未经微博平台同意,自行授权、允许、协助第三方非法抓取已发布的微博内容,显然是不能允许的。非法抓取是指采用程序或者非正常浏览等技术手段获取内容数据的行为。”新浪微博CEO王高飞也亲自上阵,在其微博账号@来去之间上转发了微博官方说明,并回应马伯庸,“可以自己发给第三方,但是不能单方授权第三方直接来微博抓,这还需要微博授权。”针对自己发布给第三方和第三方抓取的区别,王高飞进一步解释称,区别是有没有访问新浪服务器。“出了违法信息,渣浪(新浪)会不会因为没有尽到审核责任,连带被告的区别。”

到底什么样的行为才算“非法抓取”?微博公关部人士进一步回应北京晨报记者,“非法抓取是指采用程序或者非正常浏览等手段获取内容数据的行为。大致可参考微信的条例。”记者查阅微信用户条例6.2.2.12发现,腾讯对“非法抓取”的定义为“用户包括但不限于宣传、增加阅读量、浏览量等商业用途的抓取行为。非法获取是指采用包括但不限于蜘蛛(spider)程序、爬虫程序、拟人程序等非真实用户或避开、破坏技术措施等非正常浏览的手段、方式,读取、复制、转存、获得数据和信息内容的行为。”

争议背后:平台版权之争日渐胶着

掀起轩然大波的微博用户协议,除了暴露出平台对用户的强势之外,更深层的原因还是各大内容平台对版权争夺的白热化。虽然近年来微博的商业化非常成功,但层出不穷的微博营销号以及微博实名制的强制要求,已经让一部分人逐渐远离曾经挚爱的微博,但外部竞争却来势汹汹。

2017年8月10日,微博官方公布了一则社区公告,称某第三方新闻平台在微博毫不知情、并未授权的情况下直接从微博抓取自媒体账号的内容,鉴于其行为性质严重,微博先行暂停了第三方接口,并表示将会依法维权。微博副总裁曹增辉也发文称其通过技术突破微博防线,并称“这种公司做得再大,也赢得不了任何尊重。”

微博与今日头条在原创内容上早就展开了激烈竞争。今日头条9月10日晚间向用户推送信息,宣布将于近期停止提供新浪微博的账号服务。也就是说,此前利用微博接口登录今日头条的用户,今后都需要更换其他方式登录。

两周前,今日头条高薪挖角知乎大V一事也引发了内容平台震荡。知乎大V“恶魔奶爸”称,“今日头条今年一口气签了300多个知乎大V,刚把我也签了,而且是给钱的,年收入比普通白领高。签完以后所有内容不可以再发知乎。优质的内容创作者被抢完了,所以知乎的质量每况愈下。”

在线上流量越来越昂贵的时代,原创内容功能已经被互联网平台视为线上流量的最后一座金矿。面对有限的优质作者,在高额补贴吸引门客的金钱策略之后,逼迫作者对平台“二选一”、签独家协议等“大棒”政策也随之而来。但在商业竞争的同时,平台如果不注意吃相或放任傲慢的态度,不仅会伤害一直默默耕耘的作者,最终也会伤其自身。

北京晨报记者 韩元佳

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