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海上风电进入集中连片规模开发期

2017-08-29 13:40:44   中国经济网

“大容量风机关键技术在中国已经取得突破,产业发展条件已经具备,一个高起点、大容量、全产业链的海上风电产业基地正在福建形成。”三峡集团董事长卢纯说。

我国拥有发展海上风电的天然优势

海上风电虽然起步较晚,但是凭借海风资源的稳定性和大发电功率的特点,近年来正在世界各地飞速发展。最新数据显示,风能发电仅次于水力发电占到全球可再生资源发电量的16%。

据全球风能理事会(GWEC)统计,2016年全球海上风电新增装机221.9万千瓦,全球14个市场的海上风电装机容量累计为1438.4万千瓦。英国是世界上最大的海上风电市场,装机容量占全球的近36%,其次是德国占29%。2016年,中国海上风电装机量占全球装机量的11%,取代了丹麦,跃居第三。

“我国拥有发展海上风电的天然优势,海岸线长达1.8万公里,可利用海域面积300多万平方公里,海上风能资源丰富。”孙强表示,根据中国气象局风能资源详查初步成果,我国5至25米水深线以内近海区域、海平面以上50米高度范围内,风电可装机容量约2亿千瓦时。可以看出,海上风电是我国发电行业的未来发展方向。

事实上,2016年,我国陆上风电新增装机容量有所回落,而海上风电装机实现大幅度增长。根据中国风能协会的统计,2016年,我国海上风电新增装机(吊装量)154台,容量达到59万千瓦,比上年增长64%,累计装机量达到163万千瓦,排在全球海上风电装机榜单第三位。

雷增卷表示,我国陆地风电主要位于我国西北部,当地消纳能力有限,对外输送有赖于特高压输电线路建设的现状。海上风电可发展区域主要集中在我国东部沿海地区,大力发展海上风电,不仅可以满足东部用电需求,陆、海风电相结合,更会加快我国绿色发电的步伐。

记者了解到,按规划,到2020年我国将建设海上风电1500万千瓦(包括建成500万千瓦,在建1000万千瓦)。在此基础上,国家还明确了海上风电场0.85元/千瓦时以及潮间带风电场0.75元/千瓦时的电价政策。与此同时,一批海上风电示范项目陆续建成,设备技术水平不断提高。

我国海上风电发展仍处于初期

“我国海上风电发展仍处于初期,勘测设计、建设管理、运行维护、技术创新、产业融资等方面还不太成熟。”三峡集团副总经理毕亚雄坦言,需要产业链上下游联合起来,共同增进海上风电产业链全面融合发展。

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