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[砥砺奋进的五年]诉讼制度改革力促司法公正高效

2017-08-28 06:05:45   中国经济网

“‘以审判为中心’凸显了庭审的重要性,建设以庭审为中心的刑事诉讼机制是落实‘以审判为中心’的刑事诉讼制度改革的重中之重。”在北京市第一中级人民法院副院长陆伟敏看来,要真正实现以庭审为中心,做到“事实证据调查在法庭,定罪量刑辩论在法庭,裁判结果形成于法庭”,就必须杜绝庭审走过场的现象,真正发挥庭审的功效,实现庭审实质化。

从2014年开始,北京一中院与北京市人民检察院第一分院、北京市公安局法制办公室开展联合试点,探索建立警察证人、鉴定人出庭作证机制,在总结实践经验基础上由三方协调一致形成会议纪要,从制度层面理顺了警察证人、鉴定人出庭作证的运行机制。如今,该院正探索建立普通证人以及社会机构鉴定人出庭作证机制,加速建设以庭审为中心的刑事诉讼机制,全面推进以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革。

庭前会议、非法证据排除、法庭调查等“三项规程”是推进以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革的关键抓手,对于提高庭审实质化水平具有重要意义。今年6月,最高人民法院确定“三项规程”改革试点法院,包括河北省廊坊市、山西省太原市、吉林省松原市、黑龙江省哈尔滨市、广东省广州市、甘肃省兰州市等17个中级人民法院及其所辖的部分基层人民法院。

繁简分流提高司法效率

刑事案件认罪认罚从宽制度试点是落实党的十八届四中全会改革部署的重大举措,是推进以审判为中心诉讼制度改革的重要保障。自2016年11月启动以来,北京、天津、上海、重庆等试点城市就备受关注。

最高人民法院审判委员会专职委员、第二巡回法庭庭长胡云腾指出,这项改革的核心内容是对认罪认罚案件“区别对待”“分流处理”,实体上从宽量刑,推动宽严相济具体化、制度化;程序上从简处理,区分适用速裁、简易或普通程序,实现繁简分流规范化、全程化。

如何提升司法效率,破解“案多人少”的顽症?答案之一就是“完善繁简分流机制,优化司法资源配置”,这也是全面推进以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革的重要内容。

上海市浦东新区人民法院立足审判大数据,合理划分案件繁简,促进“简案快审、繁案精审”。该院以权重和标的额初划繁简,将案件分别分到不同裁判庭审理,以团队为基础进行案件再划分,2017年前5个月,全院50.7%的案件在20天内审结,63.4%的案件在1个月内审结,84.5%的案件在3个月内审结。

案件“繁简分流”落到实处,关键在于司法审判各个环节的紧密衔接与有效配合。例如,江苏省南京市鼓楼区人民法院运用现代信息技术,统筹管理共性审判辅助事务,减轻了辅助人员工作负担,提高了整个案件流程的运转效率。

诉讼制度改革,就是要让每一起案件的判决都能经得起历史考验,让司法公正成为人民群众的真实感受。(经济日报·中国经济网记者 李万祥)

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