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最大限度避免冤假错案——山西法院以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革实践初见成效

2017-08-24 06:31:36   中国青年网

制图:薛海鸥

【编者按】

党的十八届四中全会提出,推进以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革(以下简称改革),促使侦查、审查起诉活动始终围绕审判程序进行,确保案件事实证据经得起法律检验。为加快改革步伐,去年10月,“两高三部”发布《关于推进以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革的意见》。

作为全国首个在全省范围内试点改革的省份,山西在这场改革中如何一步步探出路径、积累经验,乃至为全国性改革提供可借鉴的好做法?记者对此进行了深入采访,详细解读我省在本次改革浪潮中的实践经验。

理论探索督促指导改革落实

大事记:时间:2016年9月。事件:针对刑事案件繁简分流机制完善、刑事庭审证据调查制度完善、庭前会议程序完善、非法证据排除程序完善等项目,太原市迎泽区法院、晋中中院等35家法院被确定进行试点性质的探索。标志:改革实践在山西正式展开。

长期以来,程序正义理念在诉讼中落实不够,以审判为中心的原则也在实际执行中并不理想,形式意义大于实质意义。这就造成“疑罪从无”原则难以落实,“疑罪从轻”“疑罪从挂”成为屡见不鲜的“潜规则”,有时还会导致冤假错案发生,严重损害司法公信。

十八届四中全会要求推进改革,之后,《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、国家安全部、司法部关于推进以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革的意见》(以下简称《改革意见》)和《最高人民法院关于全面推进以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革的实施意见》(以下简称《实施意见》)相继发布,要求在坚持司法机关分工负责、互相配合、互相制约原则的前提下,在刑事诉讼活动中以法院审判为中心,对于涉及被告人刑事责任的事实认定与法律适用,必须严格遵循法定程序,通过法庭审判进行裁决。可以说,改革形成一种倒逼机制,促使公检法三机关办案人员树立案件必须经得起法律检验、庭审检验的理念。

“《改革意见》和《实施意见》为改革指明了目标、方向和重点,明确了推进改革的重点举措。我省法院在积极贯彻落实的同时,发现要具体落实改革任务,还需要通过一系列的制度机制加以细化完善。因此,根据《改革意见》《实施意见》要求、刑事诉讼法及相关司法解释的规定和刑事司法工作的实际需要,制定符合我省实情的配套措施,并细化落实规则,完善相关程序尤为重要。”省高级人民法院党组副书记、副院长刘冀民说。

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