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天藏之物:其美何止于“咸”

2017-08-27 06:30:46   中国经济网

不过,面对琳琅满目的食盐,大部分消费者都会觉得无从下手。作为两个孩子妈妈的姚思凡,每次去超市买盐都很为难,“品类太多,除了标注出来的功能型食盐,正常炒菜用的盐我只买贵的,总觉得贵的品质肯定要好”。

业内人士表示,食盐的价格高低,主要取决于制作工艺,价格高的食用盐一般工艺复杂,食盐的质量也更好。“现在市面上的盐,主要以来源种类、加工工艺和功能三种方式命名,普通消费者并不了解食盐的成分等专业知识,所以看到不同种类的食用盐会觉得无从下手。”

益处不少 功能很多

苏东坡曾说:“岂是闻韶解忘味,尔来三月食无盐。”吃饭时菜里如果不放点盐,即使山珍海味也味同嚼蜡。可以说,盐不仅可以让人们享受到美味的菜肴,还会给我们的身体带来不少益处。

食盐的主要成分是氯化钠,氯离子和钠离子在人体内的作用是与钾离子等元素相互联系,其主要作用是控制细胞、组织液和血液内的电解质平衡,以保持体液正常流通和控制体内酸碱平衡。同时,盐还可以调节人体内水分均衡的分布,维持细胞内外的渗透压,参与胃酸的形成,促使消化液的分泌,能增进食欲。

但是,吃盐过多对人体有害无益。研究表明,盐能使人体“水化”,就是说盐对水有某种吸附力,人体内盐分多了,要求水分也相应地增加,从而使过多的水分滞留在体内,引起高血压。相反,吃盐过少或不吃盐也不利于健康,会造成人体内的含钠量过低,严重时还会导致碘缺乏病。

碘缺乏病是由于自然环境碘缺乏造成机体碘营养不良所表现的一组疾病的总称,包括地方性甲状腺肿、克汀病等。据了解,我国自1995年开始,在全国范围内实施以食盐加碘为主的碘缺乏病综合防治措施,使居民的碘营养状况得到明显改善。

但是,随着经济社会的快速发展,人民生活水平和膳食营养状况发生了较大变化,食用碘盐是否会引起碘过量成为人们普遍关注的问题。对此,业内专家表示,甲状腺功能正常的人不必担心长期食用碘盐会导致高碘性甲状腺肿、甲状腺结节等病症。目前,市场上销售的加碘食盐含碘量为18毫克/公斤至33毫克/公斤,按照每人每天摄入10克食盐计算,居民每天从碘盐中摄取的碘量约为180微克至330微克,距离可导致高碘性甲状腺肿的800微克至1000微克水平差之甚远。

事实上,盐不仅仅在餐桌、灶台居于不败地位,在居家清洁方面,其功能也很强大。比如,将1/4杯小苏打和1/4杯盐混合起来,制成天然的排水管清理剂,把这种混合物倒在排水管里,再倒入半杯白醋,静置15分钟然后烧一壶开水冲洗排水管,就可以清除掉排水管中的头发等残留物,使其变得通畅。

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